IP & Routing Concepts Flashcards
Which mathematical base does the binary system use and which digits represent it?
Base 2 and uses 0 & 1
What is a bit?
smallest binary digit, increments of data
How many bits form a byte?
8
What is an octet?
A group of bits
Which mathematical base does the hexadecimal system use, and which digits represent it?
Base-16 numerical system uses m. Hex uses the numbers 0–9, followed by the letters A–F.
What are IP address used to identify?
A devices source and destination address
What is a router?
A device designed to receive, forward, and analyze packets transmitted to
and from other devices on a network, and other networks.
What layer of the OSI Model does a router function?
Layer 3 Network
What is a default gateway?
The default gateway is a network device that can route traffic to and from other
networks. A router typically fulfills this role.
What does a route base it’s routing decisions?
Routing Table. examines packets
What is a loopback interface?
Logical interface that is not assigned a physical port. Used to test and manage Cisco IOS devices
How are static routes configured?
Static routes are configured and recorded manually and are identified in the routing
table by the letter S.
How are dynamic routes configured?
Dynamic routes are identified with unique letters that indicate the dynamic
protocol, as follows:
D = EIGRP routing protocol
O = OSPF routing protocol
R = RIP routing protocol
What is IP?
Internet Protocol (IP) is a numerical label assigned to devices
connected to a network. It is used for host identification and
communication.
What organization manages IP addresses?
IANA (Internet Assigned
Numbers Authority)
How many bits is IPv4?
32 bits, divided into four octets, each containing 8 bits.
How many bit is IPv6?
128-bits, with the number of available addresses being 340*1036
can contain numbers and letters
What is a subnet mask?
A subnet mask is a 32-bit address, same as an IP address.
What are the 3 communication types for IP IPv4?
Unicast, Multicast and Broadcast
What is unicast?
One-on-one, where a packet is sent
directly from one device on the network to another device on the network.
What is multicast?
Multicast is when a single source communicates with multiple destinations. A packet
is sent from one device on the network to a group comprised of one or more devices,
using Class D addresses.
What is broadcast?
Broadcast is when a packet is sent from one device on the network to all other
devices on the network, using a generic broadcast address (255.255.255.255 or
FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF).
What is Link-Local?
Link-local addresses, also known as APIPA addresses, are valid only
for communication within the network broadcast domain. The entire
169.254.0.0/16 address range is reserved for link-local.
If the DHCP is not available or an IP is not statically configured, the
OS will randomly generate a link-local address.
What is a Loopback Address?
Loopback addresses represent the same interface in a computer.
In IPv4, an entire network (127.0.0.0/8) is reserved for loopback
addresses
