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Entrepreneurship > IOT > Flashcards

IOT Flashcards

1
Q

Iot devices, such as sensors and actuators,
collect data from their environment.

A

Data collection –

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2
Q

Devices that detect and measure physical
properties.

A

Sensors:

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3
Q

Using communication protocols like
Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular networks to send data to a
central system.

A

Data Transmission:

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4
Q

Temperature Sensor is a device that measures
Temperature or heat energy and converts it
Into electrical signal that can be read by monitoring system.

A

Thermocouple

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5
Q

MotionDetector
Is a device that detects movements
Within a specific area and triggers
An action, such as turning on lights, sounding
Alarm, or sending a notification.

A

A PIR (Passive Infrared) Sensor

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6
Q

Some data processing is done locally on the device or nearby edge severs to reduce latency and
bandwidth usage. This can include filtering, aggregation, and preliminary analysis.

A

Edge Processing:

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7
Q

More complex processing tasks are often handled in the cloud, where powerful servers can
perform advanced analytics, machine learning, and data integration.

A

Cloud Processing:

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8
Q

Data can be stored locally on the device or edge servers for quick access
and low latency requirements.

A

Local Storage:

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9
Q

For scalability and long-term storage, data is often stored in cloud
databases and data lakes. Cloud storage provide the flexibility to handle large volumes of
data and supports various data management and retrieval operations.

A

Cloud Storage:

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10
Q

refers to the large amounts of data generated by Iot devices like sensors and
cameras.

A

Big data

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11
Q

Iot devices collect data from their surroundings. For example, a temperature sensor records temperature readingsData Collection

A

Data Collection

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12
Q

This data is stored in large databases, often in the cloud, which can handle
huge amounts of information.

A

Data Storage

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13
Q

The stored data is analyzed to find used useful patterns and insights. For
example, analyzing temperature data predict weather changes.

A

Data Analysis

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14
Q

Some data is processed immediately to make quick decisions, like
turning on a fan when it gets too hot.

A

Real-time Processing:

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15
Q

Helps Iot Systems learn from the data they collect and make smart decisions.
Here’s how ML is used in Iot:

A

Machine Learning (ML) In Iot

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16
Q

ML can predict when machine might break down, maintenance can
be done before it fails.

A

Predictive Maintenance

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17
Q

ML can spot unusual patterns in data, which might indicate a problem,
like a security threat.

A

Anomaly Detection:

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18
Q

: ML can automate tasks based on data, reducing the need for human
intervention. For example, automically adjusting lighting based on room occupancy.

A

Automation:

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19
Q

ML can tailor services to individual preferences, like recommending music
based on listening habits.

A

Personalization:

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20
Q

ML can improve the efficiency of Iot systems, like optimizing energy use in
smart homes.

A

Optimization

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21
Q

Using data from various sensors manage traffic, save energy,
enhance public safety.

A

Smart Cities:

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22
Q

Monitoring patient data in real-time to provide personalized treatments
and early detection of health issues.

A

Healthcare:

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23
Q

Improving manufacturing processes through predictive maintenance
and quality control.

A

Industrial Iot:

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24
Q

s a combination of
computer hardware and software designed for a
specific task

A

embedded system

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25
Q

is a small integrated circuit,
usually composed of a central processing unit,
memory, parallel input and output interfaces, a clock
generator, one or more analog-to-digital converters,
and serial communication interfaces.

A

microcontroller

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26
Q

is an open-source electronics platform
based on easy-to-use hardware and software.

A

Arduino

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27
Q

is a low-cost, credit-card-sized computer that
plugs into a monitor or TV

A

Raspberry Pi

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28
Q

is the interconnection of devices
embedded in everyday objects, enabling them to send and
receive data.

A

Internet of Things

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29
Q

provides a cloud-hosted solution back end to connect virtually any device. Offers a comprehensive suite of cloud services to connect, monitor, and control IoT devices.

A

Microsoft Azure IoT Hub

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30
Q

an IoT platform with a high capacity and reliability. It ensures secure and reliable communications between devices as well as the cloud.

A

Amazon Web Services (AWS) IoT Core

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31
Q

it is a platform for connecting, storing, and analyzing data from IoT devices at the edge and in the cloud.

A

Google Cloud IoT

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32
Q

is a collection of tools and services made to make use of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies easier for companies and organizations.

A

IBM Watson IoT Platform

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33
Q

is a platform that Arduino offers to make connecting, controlling, and interacting with Internet of Things (IoT) devices easier.

A

Arduino IoT Cloud

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34
Q

It refers to the specific setup or configuration where IoT solutions are designed, developed, and tested.

A

IoT Development Environments

35
Q

t is an open-source IoT ecosystem, is compatible with multiple platforms, including Arduino and Raspberry Pi. PlatformIO IDE extends Arduino’s capabilities and gives a seamless user experience across various microcontroller platforms.

A

PlatformIO

36
Q

It is an open source IDE that allows users to write code and upload it to any Arduino board.

A

Arduino

37
Q

It is an open-source programming tool, for connecting hardware devices, APIs and online services creatively and easily. It is visual tool that primarily designed for the Internet of Things.

A

Node-Red

38
Q

It is the official operating system for Raspberry Pi computers. It supports various programming languages and tools suitable for building and managing IoT projects.

A

Raspberry Pi OS

39
Q

It refers to the entire process of developing, launching, maintaining, and improving Internet of Things applications.

A

IoT Application Development Lifecycle

40
Q

Refers to the layered structure that enables interconnected devices, system, and services to communicate, exchange data, and operate efficiently.

A

IOT Architecture

41
Q

where the computer servers reside that processes the data collected from end-users’ devices to interpret for various purposes.

A

Perception layer

42
Q

the part of the Internet communications process where these connections occur, by sending packets of data back and forth between different networks

A

Network layer

43
Q

is used to provide the data recorded by the sensors of the sensing layer to the application layer or to forward control signals from the application layer to the actuators connected to IoT devices in the sensing layer.

A

middleware Layer

44
Q

the interface between the IoT device and the network with which it will communicate.

A

Application layer

45
Q

a type of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack that targets Internet of Things (IoT) devices by sending small amounts of traffic to a large number of devices.

A

DDos Attack

46
Q

APIs,web interfaces, and mobile interfaces can be vulnerable to exploitation

A

Insecure Interface

47
Q

Sensetive personal data is at risk when commnication channels are insecure.

A

Data Breaches

48
Q

Attackers can take control of poorly secured devices for malicious purposes.

A

Device Hijacking

49
Q

Many devices use weak or default passwords.

A

Weak Authentication

50
Q

Physical access to IoT devices can lead to tampering and unauthorized control.

A

Physical Security

51
Q

Data transmitted without encryption is prone to interception.

A

Lack of Encryption

52
Q

Devices are often not updated, leaving them open to known vulnerabilities.

A

Software Vulnerabilitiese

53
Q

IoT devices collect massive amounts of personal data (location, habits, preferences).

A

Data Collection

54
Q

Collected data may be shared with third parties without user consent.

A

Unauthorized Data Sharing

55
Q

Devices track user behavior, leading to privacy invasions.

A

User Tracking

56
Q

Users often don’t have control over what data is collected or how it’s used.

A

Lack of User Control

57
Q

Financial, health, and identity information may be compromised.

A

Personal Data Exposure

58
Q

Companies may lose customer trust due to privacy violations.

A

Reputation Damage

59
Q

Unauthorized monitoring of user activities.

A

Surveillance and Tracking

60
Q

is a major standards organization focused on technology and
innovation. For IoT, .... develops standards for various aspects,
including networking, security, and communication.

A

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)

61
Q

The ______________________________ develops protocols for internet
connectivity and security. In IoT, its focus is on protocols for data exchange and
security over the internet.

A

IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)

62
Q

The ____________________________________ plays a
significant role in defining standards for telecommunication and internet
technologies, particularly in Europe.

A

European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)

63
Q

The backbone of modern internet addressing, providing
a large number of IP addresses for billions of IoT devices.

A

IPv6:

64
Q

An adaptation of IPv6 for low-power devices, enabling small
devices to communicate using IPv6 over wireless personal area networks
(WPAN).

A

6LoWPAN:

65
Q

: A lightweight messaging
protocol ideal for devices with limited bandwidth and resources, widely used
in applications like smart homes and industrial IoT.

A

MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport)

66
Q

designed for
constrained devices, _____ is a
simplified web protocol that
allows devices with limited
processing power to
communicate efficiently over
the internet.

A

(CoAP) Constrained Application protocol

67
Q

Commonly used in IoT for webbased data exchange,
especially in applications
where security (through
HTTPS) is a priority

A

Http/s

68
Q

ensures data is encrypted
during transmission, providing
confidentiality and integrity

A

Transport Layer Security

69
Q

a variant of TLS for
UDP-based communications,
suitable for constrained
devices that need secure
communication without the
overhead of TCP.

A

Datagram Transport Layer
Security,

70
Q

With numerous devices from
different manufacturers,
ensuring interoperability can
be difficult.

A

Interoperability Issues

71
Q

There are multiple standards
and protocols for IoT,
depending on the industry,
region, or specific use case.

A

Standard Fragmentation

72
Q

As more devices become
connected, security
vulnerabilities increase.

A

Security Risks

73
Q

A lightweight messaging protocol based on the publish/subscribe model. It operates over TCP/IP and is designed for low-bandwidth, high-latency, or unreliable networks.

A

MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport)

74
Q

A lightweight protocol that enables RESTful interactions between IoT devices. It operates over UDP, rather than the more resource-intensive TCP.

A

CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol)

75
Q

A protocol used for transmitting hypermedia (e.g., text, images, video) across the web. It operates over TCP/IP and follows the client-server communication model.

A

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

76
Q

A full-duplex communication protocol that allows a persistent, real-time connection between client and server. It operates over TCP.

A

WebSocket

77
Q

A wireless networking technology that allows devices to connect to the internet or communicate wirelessly within a local area.

A

Wi-fi

78
Q

A short-range wireless technology used to exchange data between devices over short distances.

A

Bluetooth

79
Q

A low-power, low-data-rate wireless communication protocol based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard.

A

Zigbee

80
Q

A __________, low-power wireless communication technology that operates on unlicensed frequency bands (e.g., sub-GHz bands).

A

LoRa (Long Range)

81
Q

A lightweight, text-based data interchange format that is easy to read and write for humans and easy to parse for machines.

A

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)

82
Q

A markup language used to encode documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable.

A

XML (eXtensible Markup Language)

83
Q

A binary data format that efficiently encodes structured data for transmission and storage

A

CBOR (Concise Binary Object Representation)

84
Q

A language-neutral, platform-neutral, extensible mechanism for serializing structured data into compact binary form.

A

Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)

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