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PTI II part 2 > iontophoresis > Flashcards

iontophoresis Flashcards

1
Q

iontophoresis

A

an active transdermal drug delivery system that delivers drug ions through the skin using an electric DC current

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2
Q

basic principle

A

like charges repel like charges so the drug ions are repelled or pushed into the underlying tissue

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3
Q

what is it used for

A

site specific, non invasive administration of soluble salts or other drugs instead of injection and or oral medication

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4
Q

advantages

A

avoids pain that accompanies injection

avoids damage caused by needle insertion

avoids risks of needles

minimizes infiltration of carrier fluids

avoids GI and other systemic side effects of NSAIDs and Cox 2 inhibitors

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5
Q

indications

A

used to administer water soluble ionic medications

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6
Q

contraindications

A

damages or denuded skin

recent scar tissue

drug allergies

transcranial

orbital

electrically sensitive support systems –> pacemakers

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7
Q

considerations

A

diabetes

pregnancy

over external metal fixation devices

elderly skin

TMJ

dizziness or metallic taste

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8
Q

sensation

A

some pts feel little or no sensation

some pts describe it as tingling or warm sensation

disappear after a few minutes

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9
Q

intensity

A

intensity decision varies b/w pts and depends on site being treated

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10
Q

tips for increasing comfort

A

place dispersive electrode over adipose/muscle

ensure good contact

avoid sensitive areas of skin

share thorough hydration of electrode

increase current slowly

avoid additional modalities prior to

do not shave area

do not tape or bind electrodes

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11
Q

typical skin reactions

A

DC current causes capillary dilation leading to erythema of skin under one or both electrodes

appearance of very small fluid filled bumps caused by release of histamine from dermal mast cells is a less frequent skin rxn

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12
Q

factors of rx

A

skin type

sensitivity to DC current

skin pigmentation

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13
Q

skin type

A

fair sensitive skin to pts will exhibit more skin irritation or sensation

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14
Q

sensitivity to DC current

A

can cause increased redness as well as release of histamine in the skin

in sensitive individuals
–> can lead to appearance of an allergic rxn even though pt is not allergic to the drugs used

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15
Q

skin pigmentation

A

darked skinned pts normal reddening is usually less visible

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16
Q

minimizing skin rxs

A

properly cleanse skin prior to treatment

17
Q

soothing skin

A

done after treatment

alley unscented non irritating non greasy neutral pH skin lotion

preparations with aloe vera gel replenished skin moisture are reported to work well

18
Q

components of system

A

power source

drug and dispersive electrodes

medication

19
Q

power source

A

= dose controller

20
Q

drug and dispersive electrodes

A

place drug delivery electrode over area to be treated

placed dispersive pad over adipose/muscle

21
Q

medication

A

must be water soluble

must be ionized

molecular weight below 5000

local diffuse dose is delivered to a depth of approximately 1.7 cm

quantity delivered

drug dose calculation

unbroken skin at treatment site

22
Q

quantity delivered

A

less than injection but more than oral

23
Q

drug dose calculation

A

dosage = current x treatment time

24
Q

preparation for treatment

A

ask pt about meds, skin sensitivity, pacemaker, pregnancy

use large electrodes and lower currents for pt with sensitivity

mention possible erythema and histamine rxn

trim excessive hair

cleanse area of skin for 2 electrodes using standard alc wipe

hydrate drug electrode and place over area to be treated

25
Q

placing electrodes for treatment

A

place dispersive electrodes 4-6 inches away from the drug delivery electrode

connect dose controlled to electrode

26
Q

performing treatment

A

set desired drug delivery dose and current

treatment time –> 10-15 min

dose controlled beeps when treatment is complete

remove electrodes and dispose

apply lotion

27
Q

mechanism of action

A

when DC is applied to an ionized drug solution

ions that have same charge as electrode are repelled by electrode and are delivered through the skin

PTI II part 2 (9 decks)

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