high volt

Question 1

definition

Answer 1

very short phase duration

high driving peak voltage

Question 2

to stimulate deep excitable tissue

Answer 2

the current must be high enough to reach that tissue w/o stimulation nociceptors

Question 3

how do we get the amplitude for noxious stimulation

Answer 3

short duration of the waveform

high amplitude

Question 4

indications

Answer 4

tissue healing for various wounds
–> pressure ulcers, slow healing superficial wounds, diabetic ulcers

pelvic floor spasms

Question 5

precautions

Answer 5

prevent cross contamination with open wounds

wear PPE

do not cross over hemorrhaging area

clear necrotic tissue before application

ensure coupling medium is warm to prevent chilling the wound which would slow healing

Question 6

electrode placement

Answer 6

placed around or over wound

either anode or cathode can be used at any stage of healing

start w/ (+) anode in inflammatory stage

switch to cathode (-) for proliferation and maturation phase

Question 7

protocols

Answer 7

stimulating wound repair

edema control

germicidal effect

anti spasmodic effect

electro-taxis

Question 8

stimulating wound repair

Answer 8

injured skin, muscles, and nerves have an injury current that play a role in healing

HVPC works on endogenous electrical current to enhance healing process and bring balance back to area as the wound heals

Question 9

stimulating wound repair –> parameters –> amplitude

Answer 9

150-500 V

comfortable sensory perception w/o motor

pins and needles

Question 10

stimulating wound repair –> parameters –> pulse duration

Answer 10

65-200 usec

Question 11

stimulating wound repair –> parameters –> pulse frequency

Answer 11

80-100 pps

Question 12

stimulating wound repair –> parameters –> electrode placement

Answer 12

monopolar w/ active electrode in the wound

Question 13

stimulating wound repair –> parameters –> polarity

Answer 13

negative to attract fibroblasts

positive to attract macrophages

Question 14

stimulating wound repair –> parameters –> length of treatment

Answer 14

1-4 sessions a day for 1 hour

Question 15

edema control –> parameters –> amplitude

Answer 15

250-500 V

tetanic response with 10/10 duty cycle

acts as a muscle pump

Question 16

edema control –> parameters –> pulse duration

Answer 16

100 usec

Question 17

edema control –> parameters –> pulse frequency

Answer 17

50 pps

Question 18

edema control–> parameters –> electrode placement

Answer 18

monopolar

Question 19

edema control –> parameters –> polarity

Answer 19

negative

Question 20

edema control –> parameters –> length of treatment

Answer 20

10-30 min

2x/day

Question 21

germicidal effect

Answer 21

monophasic waveforms inhibit growth of germs at wound site

either anode or cathode can be used

Question 22

anti spasmodic effect

Answer 22

induces muscle fatigue

pelvic floor parameters

Question 23

anti spasmodic effect –> pelvic floor parameters –> amplitude

Answer 23

strong but comfortable contraction

Question 24

anti spasmodic effect –> pelvic floor parameters –> pulse duration

Answer 24

100 usec

Question 25

anti spasmodic effect –> pelvic floor parameters –> pulse frequency

Answer 25

80 pps

Question 26

anti spasmodic effect –> pelvic floor parameters –> electrode placement

Answer 26

bipolar

Question 27

anti spasmodic effect –> pelvic floor parameters –> polarity

Answer 27

negative electrode is intravaginal or intrarectal

Question 28

anti spasmodic effect –> pelvic floor parameters –> length of treatment

Answer 28

60 minutes

3 days

Question 29

electro-taxis

Answer 29

the migration of cells to the anode or cathode

attracts healing cells in the area of the wound

repulses albumin proteins that cause edema

Question 30

electro-taxis –> ions in each stage of healing

Answer 30

acute inflammatory

proliferation and maturation

Question 31

acute inflammatory

Answer 31

neutrophils (-)

macrophages (-)

lymphocytes (+)

platelets (+)

Question 32

proliferation and maturation

Answer 32

fibroblasts (+)

keratinocytes (+)

epidermal cells (+)