Ionic Compounds

Question 1

What charge does each ion get

Answer 1

The metal ions have an overall positive charge as they have lost negative particles. A non-metal ions have an overall negative charge as they have been negative particles. The ions have the same electronic structures as the nearest noble gases. The oppositely charged ions attract each other this is called ionic bonding

Question 2

What is the atomic number, electronic structure of atom, the nearest noble gas structure, electronic structure of the ion and charge on the ion/formula of the ion for sodium

Answer 2

Na, 11, (2,8,1), Ne 2,8. +1/Na+

Question 3

What is the atomic number, electronic structure of atom, the nearest noble gas structure, electronic structure of the ion and charge on the ion/formula of the ion for oxygen

Answer 3

O, 8, (2,6), Ne 2,8. -2/O(2-)

Question 4

What would the ionic compound sodium oxide be

Answer 4

Na(2)O

Question 5

What is oxidation

What is reduction

Answer 5

O is loss of electrons

R is gain of electrons

Question 6

What are the important positive ions to learn: hydrogen lithium sodium potassium ammonium calcium magnesium copper sink

Answer 6

Hydrogen H+
Lithium Li+
Sodium Na+
Potassium K+
Ammonium NH(4)+
Calcium Ca(2)+
Magnesium Mg(2)+
Copper Cu(2)+
Zinc Zn(2)+

Question 7

What are the important negative ions? Fluoride chloride bromide oxide sulphide hydroxide nitrate sulphate carbonate

Answer 7

Fluoride F-
Chloride Cl-
Bromide Br-
Oxide O(2)-
Sulphide S(2)-
Hydroxide OH-
Nitrate NO(3)-
Sulphate SO(4)2-
Carbonate CO(3)2-

Question 8

How is the formula of an ionic compound worked out

Answer 8

Using the principle that the total positive charge must equal the total negative charge.

Question 9

What is the formula for magnesium hydroxide

Answer 9

Mg(2)+ and OH-&raquo_space; Mg(OH)2

Question 10

What is the formula for magnesium sulphate

Answer 10

MgSO(4)

Question 11

What is the formula for aluminium chloride
What is the formula for aluminium oxide
What is the formula for magnesium nitrate

Answer 11

AlCl(3)
Al(2)O(3)
Mg(NO3)2

Question 12

What will the charge on a metal ion always be equal to

Answer 12

It’s group number in the periodic table

For example group 1 metal ions have a charge of +1

Question 13

What is ionic bonding

Answer 13

A strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.

If a metal transfers the electrons in its outer shell to a non-metal, The metal will have lost electrons, forming a stable positive ion, and a non-metal will have gained electrons to form a stable negative ion. The positive and negative irons that have formed when attracted to other very strongly. The strong electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions is called an ionic bond

Question 14

Name a feature of an ionic compound

Answer 14

High melting and boiling points because a lot of energy is required to break the electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged ions

Question 15

For the formation of the ionic compound magnesium fluoride name the group of each element, it’s electrons to lose or gain its ion and the end formula

Answer 15

Group 2, Mg, two to lose, Mg2 plus.
Group 7, F, one to gain, F minus,

MgF(2)

Question 16

How do you draw an ionic bond

Answer 16

You write the element letters then draw each shell including the shell with too few or too many electrons using dots/crosses. Then u draw another one with the outer shell full. This is all in big square brackets. Next to the bracket is it’s charge depending on how many electrons it lost/gained

Question 17

Why do ions form

Answer 17

Atoms are stable when they have full outer electron shells. Atoms bonded together so that they can gain or lose the electrons that they need to become stable. They can form between a non-metal and a metal