Ionic Compounds

Question 1

metallic bonding

Answer 1

The chemical bonding that results from the attraction between metal atoms and the surrounding sea of electrons. Electrons move easily from one ion to another. Strongest bond there is

Question 2

diatomic molecule

Answer 2

A molecule containing only two atoms of the same element.

Question 3

What makes metals good conductors of electricity?

Answer 3

They have highly mobile valence electrons.

Question 4

malleability

Answer 4

The ability of a substance to be hammered or beaten into thin sheets.

Question 5

Ductility

Answer 5

The ability of an atom to be drawn, pulled, or extruded through a small opening to produce a wire.

Question 6

Ionic compound

Answer 6

A compound composed of positive and negative ions that are combined so that the number of positive and negative charges are equal.

Question 7

molecule

Answer 7

A neutral group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds

Question 8

covalent bond

Answer 8

A chemical bond that shares electrons, all diatomic molecules (7,7,7)

Question 9

one

Answer 9

mono

Question 10

two

Answer 10

di

Question 11

three

Answer 11

tri

Question 12

four

Answer 12

tetra

Question 13

five

Answer 13

penta

Question 14

six

Answer 14

hexa

Question 15

seven

Answer 15

hepta

Question 16

eight

Answer 16

octa

Question 17

nine

Answer 17

nona

Question 18

ten

Answer 18

deca

Question 19

Which of two nonmetals should go first in a covalent compound formula?

Answer 19

The least electronegative

Question 20

which elements form ionic bonds?

Answer 20

metal and nonmetal

Question 21

Which elements form covalent bonds?

Answer 21

nonmetal and nonmetal

Question 22

Which elements form metallic bonds?

Answer 22

metal and metal

Question 23

polar covalent bond

Answer 23

When there is an uneven distribution of charges and electrons are attracted by the more electronegative atom

Question 24

polar covalent bond electronegativity difference

Answer 24

0.31-1.7

Question 25

ionic bond

Answer 25

transfer of electrons, electrical attraction between cations and anions

Question 26

ionic bond electronegativity difference

Answer 26

greater than 1.7

Question 27

non-polar covalent bond electronegativity difference

Answer 27

0-0.3

Question 28

chemical bond

Answer 28

mutual attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds the atoms together

Question 29

ionic compounds are...

Answer 29

hard, brittle, good conductors, tend to be soluble in water, has stronger attractions than covalent compounds due to +/- forces, higher boiling/melting points, solids at room temperature

Question 30

covalent compounds are

Answer 30

weaker attractions than ionic compounds and have lower boiling/melting points and are gases at room temperature

Question 31

polyatomic ions

Answer 31

charged group of covalently bonded atoms

Question 32

boiling point is the same as

Answer 32

condensation point

Question 33

boiling according to Paul Hewitt

Answer 33

Happens when water molecules are moving fast enough to make a bubble with a higher pressure than the air pressure pushing down on it.

Question 34

boiling typically increases in relation to

Answer 34

mass

Question 35

water molecules boil at high temperatures because

Answer 35

they are very clingy and have hydrogen bonds

Question 36

hydrogen bond

Answer 36

the attraction of the slightly positive side of one molecule to the slightly negative side of ANOTHER molecule.

Question 37

possible hydrogen bond elements

Answer 37

nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine, only happens with polar molecules

Question 38

why are hydrogen bonds not true bonds?

Answer 38

There is not sharing or transfer of electrons.

Question 39

Why does water have a spherical shape?

Answer 39

It's a response to the inward forces pulling the molecules together

Question 40

cohesion

Answer 40

the attraction of life molecules for each other

Question 41

adhesion

Answer 41

the attraction of unlike molecules for one another

Question 42

capillary action

Answer 42

when surface tension holds water intact and adhesion causes the water to bond to the walls of a vessel and the entire liquid is dragged upwards, forming a meniscus

Question 43

surface tension

Answer 43

the tension of a surface film of a liquid that is under tension

Question 44

is the surface tension in water equal in all directions?

Answer 44

No, the molecules at the surface of the water is not completely surrounded by other molecules. This causes them to cohere more strongly to the molecules at the surface so that it acts like a thin elastic membrane.

Question 45

evaporation

Answer 45

when individual water molecules gain enough speed to escape the puddle they're in and go airborne.

Question 46

evaporation leaves behind a hotter or colder puddle?

Answer 46

Colder. It takes the higher energy, hotter atoms with it when it leaves

Question 47

condensation leaves behind a hotter or colder puddle?

Answer 47

hotter

Question 48

Salt ____ the rate of evaporation

Answer 48

decreases

Question 49

Salt ____ the rate of condensation

Answer 49

increases

Question 50

what temperature does the volume of water stop decreasing?

Answer 50

4 degrees Celsius. The density has reached a maximum and it is as dense as it will ever get. As the temperature is lowered beyond 4 degrees the volume of water begins to expand and the density decreases.

Question 51

When water is cooled, it

Answer 51

becomes denser and shrinks

Question 52

solid state is highly

Answer 52

organized

Question 53

salt ____ the melting point of water

Answer 53

lowers

Question 54

salt ____ the boiling point of water

Answer 54

increases

Question 55

exceptions to the octet rule

Answer 55

hydrogen, beryllium, and boron

Question 56

boron's ideal number of valence electrons

Answer 56

6

Question 57

hydrogen's ideal number of valence electrons

Answer 57

2

Question 58

beryllium's ideal number of valence electrons

Answer 58

4

Question 59

Which ions require the use of roman numerals?

Answer 59

cations in the d block (transition elements) and tin and lead

Question 60

VSPR

Answer 60

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion

Question 61

linear shape and example

Answer 61

in a line, H2

Question 62

bent

Answer 62

bent, water (H2O)

Question 63

trigonal planar

Answer 63

boron trihydride

Question 64

trigonal pyramidal

Answer 64

ammonia (NH3)

Question 65

tetrahedral

Answer 65

methane (CH4)