Unit 9: Ionic Compounds Flashcards
4 Types of Ions
Monoatomic, Cations, Anions, Polyatomic
Monoatomic ions
consist of only one element
ex.) Na+, O2-
Polyatomic ions
tightly bound groups of atoms that behave as one unit and carry one charge
ex.) SO 4 2-
(whole thing has a charge of -2)
Metals form…
cations
Nonmetals form…
anions
Ionic bonds
attractions between positively and negatively charged ions
Example of an ionic compound
salt (sodium chloride)
What structure does sodium chloride form?
a lattice
An ionic formula consists of what charged ions?
Positively in the front and negatively after
An ionic formula is…
neutral
What is an ionic formula has what balance?
charge balance
total positive charge = total negative charge
How are Ionic Formulas formatted?
symbol of METAL written first followed by the symbol of the nonmetal/polyatomic atom
What ending do ionic formulas have?
-ide ending
What do subscripts in a charge balance indicate?
the NUMBER of ions needed to give charge balance
What is the charge balance of MgCl2?
2 Cl atoms gain 1 electron
1 Mg atom loses 2 electrons
What is the charge balance of Na2S?
1 S atom gains 2 electrons
2 Na atoms lose 1 electron
How to name ionic compounds with two elements:
- Identify the cation and anion
- Name the cation first followed by the name of the anion
What do common polyatomic anions end in?
-ate or -ite
Positive polyatomic ions go _____
first in an ionic compound
What is the difference between the -ate and -ite ending?
-ate = maximum number of oxygen
-ite = one less oxygen than the max
Properties of an Ionic Compound (5)
- consists of + and - ions
- have ionic bonds
- have HIGH melting and boiling points
- are SOLID at room temp (forms crystals)
- can CONDUCT electricity in molten state or when dissolved in water
