Ionic Bonding

Question 1

How are ions formed in metals

Answer 1

By losing electrons from the outermost shell to create a positive ion

Question 2

How are ions formed in non-metals

Answer 2

By gaining electrons into the outermost shell to create a negative ion

Question 3

What are ionic compounds

Answer 3

This is when the atoms of metals transfer electrons to non-metals to form a compound.

Question 4

What is ionic bonding

Answer 4

This is bonding between metals and non-metals with strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 5

What is a giant-ionic lattice

Answer 5

This is regular array of particles that have very strong electro-static forces of attraction between positive and negatively charged ions.

Question 6

What are the physical properties of ionic compounds

Answer 6

1. They have a high melting and boiling point -

Because of their very strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions. This means that a larger amount of energy is required to break the bonds apart.

2. They are also crystalline -

This shows the regular arrangement of ions in the lattice.

3. They are brittle-

This is because even the slightest movement of ions make them slide over each other and this causes the ions with equal charges to face with each other. Since like charges repel each other, the structure of the crystals fall apart.

4. They are soluble in water
5. They tend to be insoluble in organic solvents.

Question 7

How can ionic substances be made to conduct electricity

Answer 7

By melting them to make them molten. This makes the ions free to move around and carry a charge. This allows the ionic substance to conduct electricity.