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F321 Chemistry > Ionic Bonding > Flashcards

Ionic Bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

How are ions formed?

A

When electrons are transferred from one atom to another. The simplest ions are single atoms which have either lost or gained 1,2 or 3 electrons so they’ve got a full outer shell.

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2
Q

What is the equation for the formation of a sodium ion?

A

Na = Na+ + e-

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3
Q

What is the equation for the formation of a chloride ion?

A

Cl + e- = Cl-

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4
Q

What ions do group 1 elements form?

A

1+ ions.

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5
Q

What ions do group 2 elements form?

A

2+ ions.

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6
Q

What ions do group 6 elements form?

A

2- ions.

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7
Q

What ions do group 7 elements form?

A

1- ions.

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8
Q

What is the formula of the compound ion nitrate?

A

NO3 -

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9
Q

What is the formula of the compound ion carbonate?

A

CO3 2-

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10
Q

What is the formula of the compound ion sulfate?

A

SO4 2-

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11
Q

What is the formula of the compound ion ammonium?

A

NH4 +

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12
Q

What holds positive and negative ions together?

A

Electrostatic attraction.

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13
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

An electrostatic attraction between to oppositely charged ions.

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14
Q

What are giant ionic lattices?

A

A lattice is just a regular structure. The structures called giant because its made up of the same basic unit repeated over and over again.

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15
Q

What 3 aspects of an ionic compound determines their physical properties?

A

Electrical conductivity
Melting and boiling points
Solubility

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16
Q

In what state can ionic compounds conduct electricity?

A

When they’re molten or dissolved- not when they’re solid. The ions in a liquid are free to move and they carry a charge. In a solid they’re in a fixed position by strong ionic bonds.

17
Q

Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?

A

The giant ionic lattices are held together by strong electrostatic forces. It takes loads of energy to overcome these forces, so melting and boiling points are very high.

18
Q

Why do ionic compounds tend to dissolve in water?

A

Water molecules are polar- part of the molecule has a small negative charge, and other bits have small positive charges. The water molecules pul the ions away from the lattice and cause it to dissolve.

F321 Chemistry (25 decks)

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