Ionic Bonding Flashcards
How are ions formed?
When electrons are transferred from one atom to another. The simplest ions are single atoms which have either lost or gained 1,2 or 3 electrons so they’ve got a full outer shell.
What is the equation for the formation of a sodium ion?
Na = Na+ + e-
What is the equation for the formation of a chloride ion?
Cl + e- = Cl-
What ions do group 1 elements form?
1+ ions.
What ions do group 2 elements form?
2+ ions.
What ions do group 6 elements form?
2- ions.
What ions do group 7 elements form?
1- ions.
What is the formula of the compound ion nitrate?
NO3 -
What is the formula of the compound ion carbonate?
CO3 2-
What is the formula of the compound ion sulfate?
SO4 2-
What is the formula of the compound ion ammonium?
NH4 +
What holds positive and negative ions together?
Electrostatic attraction.
What is an ionic bond?
An electrostatic attraction between to oppositely charged ions.
What are giant ionic lattices?
A lattice is just a regular structure. The structures called giant because its made up of the same basic unit repeated over and over again.
What 3 aspects of an ionic compound determines their physical properties?
Electrical conductivity
Melting and boiling points
Solubility
In what state can ionic compounds conduct electricity?
When they’re molten or dissolved- not when they’re solid. The ions in a liquid are free to move and they carry a charge. In a solid they’re in a fixed position by strong ionic bonds.
Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?
The giant ionic lattices are held together by strong electrostatic forces. It takes loads of energy to overcome these forces, so melting and boiling points are very high.
Why do ionic compounds tend to dissolve in water?
Water molecules are polar- part of the molecule has a small negative charge, and other bits have small positive charges. The water molecules pul the ions away from the lattice and cause it to dissolve.
