Ionic bonding Flashcards
What is a compound?
when two or more elements react and combine chemically
Name three types of chemical bonding
Ionic, Covalent and metallic
How are positively charged ions formed
also know as ionic bonding
When an electron from the metal’s outer energy level moves to the non-metal’s outer energy layer
How are negatively charged ions formed
when a non metal atom gains 1 or more electron from ionic bonding
What are particles like in ionic bonding
Oppositely charged, forming ions
Where does ionic bonding occur?
In compounds with a metal and non metal
What happens when a magnesium atom reacts with a chlorine atom to form magnesium chloride?
One electron transfers from Magnesium to the Chlorine atom to form a full outer shell. However, since the magnesium atom loses 2 electrons and chlorine only needs to gain 1, 2 chlorine atoms are needed to form ions of Mg2+ and Cl1-. (and an ionic compound of MgCl2)
Describe ionic bonding
A chemical bond which is formed between strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions
Describe the structure of an ionic compound
Giant, ionic, lattice structure with strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions
REMEMBER HOW TO DO A DOT AND CROSS DIAGRAM FOR IONIC BONDING
REMEMBER HOW TO DO A DOT AND CROSS DIAGRAM FOR IONIC BONDING
Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?
strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions which require high amounts of energy to break
Why can ionic compounds conduct electricity in liquid state?
the ions can move freely which allows the charge to flow
What are the disadvantages of using a dot and cross diagram
It doesn’t show that ionic compounds are giant structures made from many compounds
advantages of a dot and cross diagram
shows the symbol of ions and how electrons are transferred.
advantages of a 2D diagram
shows a regular repeating pattern
disadvantages of a 2D diagram
Doesn’t show electron transfer. Implies that ionic compounds are 2D, but they are 3D
advantages of 3D diagram
shows a 3D, regular repeating pattern
disadvantages of a 3D diagram
doesn’t show electron transfer, implies there are no ions inside the structure
advantages of ball and stick
shows a 3D regular repeating pattern
disadvantages of a ball and stick diagram
does not show electron transfer. Implies there are gaps between ions, which are not there
Why do ionic compounds have high boiling and melting points
there are many strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions which require large amounts of energy to overcome
Why can ionic compounds conduct electricity in a liquid state
ions are free to move around, so it can conduct electricity as charge can flow
