Investigations for AKI

Question 1

Name 4 things on ‘urinalysis + ACR’

Answer 1

1. Blood
2. Protein
3. Casts
4. Nitrites

Question 2

Which bloods need to be undertaken and what do the results show?

Answer 2

1. FBC - infection, anaemia, platelets (e.g. HUS/TTP/DIC)
2. U and E
3. Bone profile
4. LFTs - hepatorenal, albumin, clotting
5. Lactate, Creatinine Kinase, CRP

Question 3

Name 5 investigations which should be taken to investigate AKI?

Answer 3

1. Urinalysis +- ACR
2. Bloods
3. Blood gas
4. ECG
5. Microbiology
6. Chest X ray
7. Renal ultrasound
8. Immunology
9. Myeloma screen
10. Renal biopsy

Question 4

What antibodies are we testing for in immunology?

Answer 4

1. ANCA
2. ANA
3. AAnti-GBM
4. Complement
5. Cryoglobulins

Question 5

What investigations are involved in a Myeloma screen?

Answer 5

1. Immunoglobulins - Bence Jones protein
2. Electrophoresis - serum free light chains
3. Skeletal survey - pepper pot skull, lytic lesions