CKD Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of CKD

A
  1. Diabetes
  2. Hypertension
  3. Glomerularnephritis
  4. Pyelonephritis
  5. Polycystic / familial
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2
Q

What are the 4 ways that chronic renal failure can present?

A
  1. Routine blood tests - annual DM/hypertension check ups
  2. Anaemia
  3. Acute on chronic renal failure
  4. Emergencies requiring urgent mx for life threatening complications of renal failure - ( uraemia / hyperkalaemia )
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3
Q

What is the most common cause of CKD?

A

Diabetes mellitus

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4
Q

What are the complications of CKD (name 6)

A
  1. fluid overload
  2. hypertension
  3. hyperkalaemia
  4. acidosis
  5. anaemia
  6. uraemic syndrome
  7. mineral bone disease
  8. increase cvs risk
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5
Q

What do majority of CKD patients die from?

A
  1. Majority of CKS patients die from CVS disease before experiencing end stage kidney diseas
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6
Q

What lifestyle advice is offered to CKD management?

A
  1. Encourage exercise
  2. Smoking cessation
  3. Healthy diet
  4. Blood pressure control
  5. Management of lipids
  6. Glycaemic control
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7
Q

When should acidosis be treated?

A

Treat when venous HCO3 is < 21

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8
Q

Why should acidosis be treated in CKD?

A
  • Correction of acidosis might slow progression of eGFR decline
  • reduces risk of renal bone disease development
  • Reduces risk of hyperkalaemia
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9
Q

What is given to treat acidosis in CKD?

A

Sodium carbonate and aim for high normal serum bicarbonate

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