CKD Flashcards
1
Q
Causes of CKD
A
- Diabetes
- Hypertension
- Glomerularnephritis
- Pyelonephritis
- Polycystic / familial
2
Q
What are the 4 ways that chronic renal failure can present?
A
- Routine blood tests - annual DM/hypertension check ups
- Anaemia
- Acute on chronic renal failure
- Emergencies requiring urgent mx for life threatening complications of renal failure - ( uraemia / hyperkalaemia )
3
Q
What is the most common cause of CKD?
A
Diabetes mellitus
4
Q
What are the complications of CKD (name 6)
A
- fluid overload
- hypertension
- hyperkalaemia
- acidosis
- anaemia
- uraemic syndrome
- mineral bone disease
- increase cvs risk
5
Q
What do majority of CKD patients die from?
A
- Majority of CKS patients die from CVS disease before experiencing end stage kidney diseas
6
Q
What lifestyle advice is offered to CKD management?
A
- Encourage exercise
- Smoking cessation
- Healthy diet
- Blood pressure control
- Management of lipids
- Glycaemic control
7
Q
When should acidosis be treated?
A
Treat when venous HCO3 is < 21
8
Q
Why should acidosis be treated in CKD?
A
- Correction of acidosis might slow progression of eGFR decline
- reduces risk of renal bone disease development
- Reduces risk of hyperkalaemia
9
Q
What is given to treat acidosis in CKD?
A
Sodium carbonate and aim for high normal serum bicarbonate