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Anatomy and Physiology (H) > Introduction To The Nervous System > Flashcards

Introduction To The Nervous System Flashcards

0
Q

Chemicals released by neurons that stimulate other neurons, muscles, or glands

A

Neurotransmitters

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1
Q

Releases neurotransmitters

A

Axon terminal

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2
Q

Gaps in the myelin sheath

A

Nodes of Ranvier

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3
Q

Conducts an electrical current towards the cell body

A

Dendrite

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4
Q

Increases the speed of impulse transmission

A

Myelin

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5
Q

Location of the nucleus

A

Cell body

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6
Q

Conducts impulses away from the cell body

A

Axon

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7
Q

Junction or point of close contact between neurons

A

Synapse

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8
Q

Neuron that served and part of the conduction pathway between sensory and motor neurons

A

Association neurons

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9
Q

Neuron that conducts impulses away from the CNS to the muscles and glands

A

Motor (efferent neuron)

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10
Q

Changes occurring within the body that affect the nervous system function

A

Stimuli

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11
Q

Neuron found in the brain or spinal cord

A

Sensory neuron

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12
Q

Neuron that conducts impulses toward the CNS from the body periphery

A

Sensory neuron

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13
Q

All neuroglia found in the CNS

A

Astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, oligodendrocytes

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14
Q

All neuroglia found in the PNS

A

Schwann cells and satellite cells

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15
Q

Most common neuroglia in the CNS

A

Astrocytes

16
Q

Protect and cushion nerve fibers in the PNS

A

Satellite cells

17
Q

Ciliated neuroglia that circulate cerebrospinal fluid

A

Ependymal

18
Q

Connects neurons to capillaries in the brain and spinal cord

A

Astrocytes

19
Q

Phagocytes in the CNS, cleaning up bacteria and dead brain cells

A

Microglial cells

20
Q

Neuroglia that helps control the chemical environment of the brain and spinal cord

A

Astrocytes

21
Q

Specialized cells that myelinate the fibers of neurons found in the PNS

A

Schwann cells

22
Q

Specialized cells and get myelinate the fibers of neurons found in the CNS

A

Oligodendrocytes

23
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves are in the human body?

A

12

24
Q

What is the longest cranial nerve?

A

Vagus

25
Q

What does the vagus control

A

Heart rate

26
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are in the human body?

A

31

27
Q

What is the longest spinal nerve in the body?

A

Sciatic

28
Q

What does the sciatic nerve control?

A

Supplies feeling to the lower back and legs

Anatomy and Physiology (H) (11 decks)

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