Introduction to the endocrine system

Question 1

The four types of hormones in the endocrine system

Answer 1

Catecholamines, iodothyronines, proteins/peptides, steroid hormones

Question 2

Two mechanisms that mediate the endocrine system

Answer 2

Positive feedback and negative feedback

Question 3

Two types of negative feedback

Answer 3

Physiological response-driven feedback loop (response-driven feedback)
Endocrine axis-driven feedback

Question 4

Which type of negative feedback makes use of tiers?

Answer 4

Endocrine axis-driven feedback

Question 5

How many tiers does the endocrine axis feedback have?

Answer 5

Three

Question 6

Which organ is the first tier of endocrine axis-driven feedback?

Answer 6

Hypothalamic neuroendocrine neurons

Question 7

Which organ is the second tier of the endocrine axis-driven feedback?

Answer 7

Pituitary gland

Question 8

Which is the third tier of the endocrine axis-driven feedback?

Answer 8

Peripheral endocrine glands

Question 9

Which are true of steroid hormones?

a. catalyzed by enzymes in a step by step synthesis
b. after synthesis, can diffuse through cytoplasm
c. transported bound to proteins
d. aota
e. only b and c

Answer 9

D

Question 10

Which of the ff produce hormones but are not truly endocrine organs?

a. brain
b. kidney
c. adipose
d. any of the above

Answer 10

D

Question 11

Which of the following statements is/are true about hormones?

A. They are chemical substances produced by the body
B. They are active in small amounts
C. They affect the function of a distant, nearby or source cell
D. AOTA

Answer 11

D

Question 12

Which of the following hormones is/are an amino acid derivative?

A. epinephrine
B. GH
C. Cortisol
D. All of the above

Answer 12

A

Question 13

Which of the following pairs of hormone and function is correctly paired?

A. Increase in metabolic rate and temp- ADH
B. Growth and dev’t- Glucagon
C. Maintenance of blood Ca2 Level- PTH
D. AOTA

Answer 13

C

Question 14

The cell that receives the hormone in circulation is a

A. Receptor
B. Coupling domain
C. Target Cell
D. Source cell

Answer 14

C

Question 15

Exocrine diseases are often due to a loss of hormone (i.e. hormone deficiency). Which of the following would cause an endocrine disease that mimicked a protein hormone deficiency without a deficiency in the levels of the circulating protein hormone?

A. Inactive prohomormone convertase 
B. Defective exocytotic machinery 
C. .... Transport of blood proteins 
D. Defective receptors 
E. None of the above.

Answer 15

D

Question 16

Hormones act through binding to a receptor. Which of the following hormones bind only to receptors located on the plasma membrane?

A. Thyroid hormone 
B. Catecholamines 
C. Estrogen 
D. Progesterone 
E. Vitamin D

Answer 16

B

Question 17

Endocrine glands are organs dedicated to making hormones. Some organs produce hormones but have other important functions. An example of such hormone-producing organ that is not considered to be a dedicated endocrine gland is:

A. Adrenal 
B. Thyroid 
C. Liver 
D. Pituitary 
E. Parathyroid

Answer 17

C

Question 18

Hormone secretion via exocytosis involve each of the following except:

A. Rise in intracellular calcium 
B. Hormone storage in secretory granules 
C. Other products of the prohormone 
D. Microtubular-microfilament system 
E. Loss of nuclear material

Answer 18

E