introduction to social psychology- lecture 1

Question 1

dunbar

Answer 1

looked atsize of neocortex (thinking part) in diff animals, animals with large neocortex generally lived in bigger social groups

Question 2

conformity

Answer 2

change in persons behaviour/opinions as result of real/imagined pressure from person/group

Question 3

sherif

Answer 3

light task

1/2 ppts made 1st judgement alone- later days did in group of 2-3 ppl

other half made 1st judgement as group- 3 group sessions then one alone

Question 4

asch

Answer 4

line task

ppt completed task in groups of 6-9

others were confeds

1st trial gave correct answer, later gave wrong

asked to state answer aloud- ppt was 2nd to last person to answer

75% conformed at least once

5% conformed on all trials

Question 5

who investigated the need to belong

Answer 5

1. baumiester and leary
2. mehl et al
3. williams et al

Question 6

baumeister et al

Answer 6

• the desire to affiliate with others and be socially accepted
• developed through natural selection
• influences our emotional experience

Question 7

mehl et al

Answer 7

carried electronically activated recorder- recorded 30 second sound every 12 mins for 4 days- independent coders assessed alone, small talk and deep convo- found more happy with others than alone and more happy in deep convos rather than small talk

Question 8

williams et al

Answer 8

2 other (computer generated) players passed ppt disk (frisbee)- 67% of time (over included), 33% of time (included), 20% of time (partial ostracism), 0% of time (complete ostracism)- higher levels of negative mood linked with ostracism, more positive mood when included- if rejected= lower mood

Question 9

social support

Answer 9

have ppl they can rely on to respond to their needs

Question 10

who investigated social support

Answer 10

1. cohen and wills
2. ruthig et al
3. cruwys et al
4. greenway et al
5. holt-lunstad et al
6. lovell et al
7. steffan et al

Question 11

cohen and wills

Answer 11

social support improves mental and physical health- motivates ppl to take care of themselves, acts to buffer stress- practical assistance- reduce/remove stressor, emotional assistance- reassuring person about stressor

Question 12

ruthig et al

Answer 12

recruited 1st year students for longitudinal studys, questionaire that measured soocial support and percieved academic control in the september and stress and depression in the march- found the more social support- the lower levels of stress and depression

Question 13

cruwys et al

Answer 13

measured belonging to numerous groups and depression, supported by experimental effects on mood - asked them to rate how many social groups they belonged to and how that correlated to depression- belonging to more social groups lowered levels of depression

Question 14

greenway et al

Answer 14

measured extent to which students felt they had gained and identity (felt part of psychology chort group) and depression, found that group membership associate with lower levels of depression

Question 15

holt-lunstad et al

Answer 15

assessed factors assessed with morality (social support smoking alcohol bmi physical activity and air pollution- found social suppory was most crucial

Question 16

lovell et al

Answer 16

assessed social support in stressed group (carers of children with autism and adhd), measured social support, psychological wellbeing (stress, anxiety, depression), social support, health complaints- found social support reduced stress, anxiety, depression and health complaints

Question 17

steffan et al

Answer 17

assessed social groups and mortality in recently retired group, measured- change in social groups from pre-post retirement, morality (6 years later)- found ppl who lost 2 or more groups they had a higher risk/liklihood of dying