impression formation- lecture 3

Question 1

who came up with the configural model

Answer 1

asch 1946

Question 2

what did the configural model state

Answer 2

• two types of traits:
  1. central traits- characteristic that defines a persons overall personality
  2. peripheral traits- characteristic that does not define overall personality

Question 3

asch- configural model study

Answer 3

• central traits had greater influence than peripheral traits
• presented ppts with 2 lists of traits
• more positive impression when the positive traits were 1st- primacy effect
• initial study- found 8 traits, intellligent, skilful, industrious, determined, practical, cautious, varied 4th trait- warm/cold
• follow up study- varied fourth trait- polite/blunt

Question 4

when do we form 1st impressions

Answer 4

within 100 ms- willis and todorov 2006

Question 5

who investigated attractiveness?

Answer 5

• dion et al
• eagley et al
• han and laurent
• bernard et al

Question 6

dion et al

Answer 6

rated traits of attractive, average attractive and unattractive- kind, modest, sincere, altruistic, warm, socialable, interesting, genuine etc

Question 7

eagley et al

Answer 7

meta analysis of studies assessing what is beautiful is good, found overall support

Question 8

han and laurent

Answer 8

series of between ppt studies, varied attractiveness and vanity of a person- vignettes and pictures

Question 9

bernard et al

Answer 9

between ppt design- wether makeup/no makeup images and had to rate on level of competence, morality and warmth- those with no makeup had heavy ratings of competence and warmth

Question 10

who investigated facial dimensions

Answer 10

• stirret and perrer
• durkee and ayers
• jaeger and jones

Question 11

stirret and perrer

Answer 11

• ppts played an economic game- assessed the trust in each other, on each trial, showed image of person they were playing against, measured wether they would entrust money to the other person

Question 12

durkee and ayers

Answer 12

preexisting data base (chicago face database), ued correlational design- facial width to height ratio, mean, aggressive, dominance, trustworthy etc

Question 13

jaeger and jones

Answer 13

correlational design, used ratings of over 500 images, applied machine learning questions

Question 14

schema

Answer 14

cognitive structure that represents our knowledge about an object or concept

Question 15

stereotypes

Answer 15

social schemas applied to groups

Question 16

stereotype of overweight people

Answer 16

(wigton and macgaghie 2001)- low self control, lower intelligence, lazy, mental health problems

Question 17

do stereotypes affect impression formation

Answer 17

pingitore et al 1994- ppts watched a video of job interview- half saw normal weight candidate, other half saw overweight job candidate (same actor but used prostheses), rated impression and whethr would give them the job, less positive impression of overweight job candidate, less likely to offer them the job

Question 18

hu et al

Answer 18

rated various male and female bodies on 30 personality traits, body weight related to trait of self discipline/lazy, extraversion related to body shape- masculine men, pear shaped women