Introduction to rate of reaction

Question 1

Define: rate of reaction

Answer 1

the change in concentration of a reactant or product over a period of time (usually one second – M s-1

Question 2

rate of reaction formula?

Answer 2

(∆ concentration (M))/(time (s))

Question 3

How can we experimentally determine the rate of reaction?

Answer 3

measure change in conc of reactant/product over time: change in mass/volume, change in colour/PH

Question 4

how can change in conc be explained in terms of collision theory?

Answer 4

successful collisions causes reactants to change to products – and therefore for their concentrations to change

Question 5

Define: collision thoery

Answer 5

: theoretical model that accounts for rates of reactions in terms of collisions between particles in a chemical reaction.

Question 6

in terms of collision theory: in chemical reactions:

Answer 6

reactant particles collide and are rearranged to produce products.

Question 7

collision theory: 3 conditions that must be upheld for reaction to be successful?

Answer 7

reactant particles must collide with each other
reactant particles must collide with sufficient energy to break bonds within reactants
reactant partricles must collide with correct orientation to enable particular bonds in the reactants to break and for bonds between products to form.

Question 8

what is minimum energy a collision must possess for reaction to occur?

Answer 8

activation energy (greater than or equal to)

Question 9

Describe the transition state

Answer 9

occurs when activation energy is fully absorbed; bonds are breaking between reactants, and bonds are forming between products. The arrangement of atoms is unstable.

Question 10

in terms of the transition state, as the reaction progresses,

Answer 10

the atoms gradually rearrange into their products