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Pharmacology > Introduction to Pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, and Muscle Relaxants/Anxiolytics > Flashcards

Introduction to Pharmacology, Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, and Muscle Relaxants/Anxiolytics Flashcards

1
Q

Adverse drug reaction:

  • Is an expected or known effect and is unintended.
  • Is an expected or known effect and is intended.
  • Is harm directly caused at normal doses.
  • Is harm directly caused at excess doses.
A

Is harm directly caused at normal doses.

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2
Q

Anti-platelet aggregant is given mainly to:

  • Prevent thrombosis.
  • Minimize inflammation.
  • Lowers fever.
  • Stops bleeding.
  • Relieves pain.
A

Prevent thrombosis.

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3
Q

Anti-pyretic:

  • NSAIDS
  • Inhibits the action of prostaglandins.
  • Aspirin
  • Lowers fever.
A

NSAIDS, inhibits the action of prostaglandins, Aspirin, and lowers fever.

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4
Q

Anticoagulants:

  • Relieves pain.
  • An effect of Acetaminophen.
  • Will cause bleeding as an adverse effect.
  • Achieved by promoting platelet aggregation.
  • Lowers fever.
A

Will cause bleeding as an adverse effect.

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5
Q

Causes pain, fever, and inflammation:

  • Prostaglandins
  • NSAIDS
  • Steroids
  • COX enzymes
  • Arachidonic acid
A

Prostaglandins

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6
Q

Drug to drug interaction can affect drug response. An example would be:

  • Taking Vitamin C while taking Iron.
  • Eating aged cheese while taking Monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
  • Eating citrus fruit while taking Iron.
  • Having a condition such as Chronic Kidney Disease.
A

Taking Vitamin C while taking Iron.

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7
Q

Enzyme responsible for the production of leukotrienes:

  • Arachidonic acid
  • COX-1
  • COX-2
  • Phospholipase
  • Lipoxygenase
A

Lipoxygenase

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8
Q

Enzyme responsible for the production of prostaglandins and thromboxanes:

  • Lipoxygenase
  • Arachidonic acid
  • Cyclooxygenase
  • Prostaglandins
  • Phospholipase
A

Cyclooxygenase

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9
Q

How glucocorticoids achieve its anti-inflammatory effects:

  • None of the choices.
  • Inhibit cyclooxygenase.
  • Increases blood glucose.
  • Inhibit phospholipase A2.
  • Destroys arachidonic acid.
A

Inhibit phospholipase A2.

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10
Q

Mefenamic acid:

  • Dolfenal
  • Alaxan
  • Aspirin
  • Arcoxia
  • Glucocorticoid
A

Dolfenal

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11
Q

Not true of Paracetamol:

  • Also known as acetaminophen.
  • A pain reliever.
  • Anti-platelet aggregant
  • Analgesic
  • Is a generic name.
A

Anti-platelet aggregant

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12
Q

Pain relievers:

  • Anti-pyretic
  • Analgesic
  • Anti-platelet
  • Anti-inflammatory
A

Analgesic

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13
Q

Pharmacodynamics:

  • Is the study of how it is absorbed by the body, how it is distributed and eliminated by the body.
  • Is the study of how the body deals with the drug.
  • Is the study of what the drug does to the body.
  • None of the above.
A

Is the study of what the drug does to the body.

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14
Q

Pharmacokinetics:

  • Is the study of how it is absorbed by the body, how it is distributed and eliminated by the body.
  • Is the study of how the body deals with the drug.
  • Both A and B.
  • None of the above.
A
  • Is the study of how it is absorbed by the body, how it is distributed and eliminated by the body.
  • Is the study of how the body deals with the drug.
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15
Q

Primary site for excretion:

  • Liver
  • Large Intestine
  • Kidney
  • Lungs
A

Kidney

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16
Q

Primary site involved in metabolism:

  • Heart
  • Large Intestine
  • Liver
  • Stomach
A

Liver

17
Q

Side effect:

  • Is harm directly caused at normal doses.
  • Is an expected or known effect and is unintended.
  • Is an expected or known effect and is intended.
  • Is harm directly caused at excess doses.
A

Is an expected or known effect and is unintended.

18
Q

This drug increases the affinity of GABA that increases the influx of chloride ions at the postsynaptic cell:

  • Diazepam
  • Dantrolene sodium
  • Baclofen
  • Botulinum toxin
A

Diazepam

19
Q

This is the study of specific drugs to prevent, treat, or diagnose a disease:

  • Pharmacodynamics
  • Pharmacotherapeutics
  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Toxicology
A

Pharmacotherapeutics

20
Q

Toxicology is the study of:

  • How the body deals with the drug.
  • Harmful effects of drugs.
  • Specific drugs to prevent or diagnose diseases.
  • Therapeutic effects of drugs.
A

Harmful effects of drugs.

21
Q

What drug inhibits the release of excitatory neurotransmitters at the terminal?

  • Dantrolene sodium
  • Diazepam
  • Baclofen
  • None of the above.
A

Baclofen

22
Q

What drug prevents calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

  • Dantrolene sodium
  • Diazepam
  • Baclofen
  • None of the above.
A

Dantrolene sodium

23
Q

Which of the following is a barbiturate?

  • Phenobarbital
  • Lorazepam
  • Diazepam
  • Zolpidem
A

Phenobarbital

24
Q

Which of the following anti-spastic drugs/muscle relaxants are peripherally-acting?

  • Baclofen
  • Diazepam
  • Tizanidine
  • Dantrolene
A

Dantrolene

25
Q

Which of the following anti-spastic drugs/muscle relaxants are centrally-acting?

  • Botulinum toxin
  • Baclofen
  • Dantrolene
  • None of the above.
A

Baclofen

26
Q

Which of the following inhibits the release of acetylcholine from the presynaptic terminal at the skeletal neuromuscular junction?

  • Botulinum toxin
  • Baclofen
  • Dantrolene sodium
  • Diazepam
A

Botulinum toxin

27
Q

Which of the following is a non-benzodiazepine?

  • Diazepam
  • Zolpidem
  • Alprazolam
  • Phenobarbital
A

Zolpidem

28
Q

Which of the following is true about barbiturates?

  • Barbiturates increase the activity of excitatory neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine and glutamate.
  • Barbiturates inhibit the effect of GABA.
  • Barbiturates can hold the ion channel open continuously for long periods of time.
  • At higher doses, they are unable to mimic GABA activity.
A

Barbiturates can hold the ion channel open continuously for long periods of time.

29
Q

Which of the following is true about gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)?

  • GABA has a tranquilizing effect on emotions and prevents us from becoming overwhelmed in stressful situations.
  • GABA is a major excitatory neurotransmitter.
  • Both statements are true.
  • None of the statements are true.
A

GABA has a tranquilizing effect on emotions and prevents us from becoming overwhelmed in stressful situations.

30
Q

Which route is the easiest, safest, and most convenient to use for drug administration?

  • Rectal
  • Transdermal
  • Sublingual
  • Oral
A

Oral

Pharmacology (7 decks)

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