Introduction To Person-Centred Care Flashcards
What are the 4 principles of person-centred care?
Personalised care
Coordinated care
Enabling care
Treat patient with dignity, compassion & respect
What is personalised care?
Seeing and getting to know patient as person putting needs and preferences (physical, emotional and social) first - whole person approach
Tailoring therapeutic plans and services to the patients needs and desires
What is enabling care?
Shared decision making between the patient and doctor regarding treatment/management
Recognising the persons strength in selfcare and management of condition and supporting them to self-manage via information and knowledge
Co-production of health: patient and public involvement in design and delivery of services
What is coordinated care?
Coordination across multiple episodes and over time, integrating care to address ALL needs of patients:
Between health services, social services and other care providers
Across primary, community, hospital and tertiary care services (vertical)
Through transitions e.g. child -> adult services
What groups of people are usually critiqued for not receiving enough person centred care?
Children
Older adults e.g. with dementia and limited capacity
People with learning disabilities
People with mental illness
Why is person-centred care a good thing?
Evidence of positive outcomes for patients e.g. patient satisfaction & greater compliance with treatment plans
Social and political drivers e.g. less use of emergency services
Concurs with ethical principles underpinning duties of a doctor
Person-centred care requires…
Understanding of ethical principles and development of appropriate values
High level of clinical skills and experience
When professional values and person-centred care combine, what is the outcome?
Care of patient is first concern
Patients treated as individuals and dignity respected
Doctor works in partnership with patient
How can you ensure you work in partnership with your patient?
Listen and respect their views about their health
Discuss diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and care
Share information they want/need to make decisions
Maximise patients opportunities and ability to make their own decisions
Respect patients decisions
What are the 5 ethical principles and values? Define them.
Respect - recognising the moral value of a person as an autonomous being
Autonomy - capacity to be ones own person, to live ones life according to reasons and motives that are taken as ones own and not the product of manipulate or distorting external forces; although complex and contested, it underpins legal and professional framework that governs the patient doctor relationship
Dignity - Care which supports and promotes, but does not undermine, a persons self-respect regardless of any difference
Care - beneficence in best interest of patient so an ethic of care of relationships and responsibility is treat condition and care for person
Consequences - person-centred care should lead to better patient outcomes, less complaints, less risk of litigation and increased trust in medical profession
What is the Calgary-Cambridge Model?
Developed from a viewpoint of enabling medical students to attend to person-centred aspects of consultation alongside traditional functions of history taking
The Calgary-Cambridge model has 5 tasks and 2 functions. What are they?
- Commencing the consultation
- Gathering information
- Physical examination
- Explanation and planning
- Closing the consultation
- > - Building the relationship + 2. Providing structure
What is task 1 of the Calgary-Cambridge model and what does it involve?
Commencing consultation:
Establish supportive environment and initial rapport
Develop awareness of patients emotional state
Identify all problems/issues that patient has come to discuss
Establish mutually agreed plan
Develop partnership with patient
What is task 2 of the Calgary-Cambridge model and what does it involve?
Gather information
Explore patients problem to discover biomedical & patient perspective and background information
Ensure information is accurate, complete and mutually understood
Ensure patient feels listened to and that information/views are welcomed/valued
Continue to develop a supportive environment and collaborative relationship
Structure consultation to ensure efficient information gathering and to enable patient to understand be involved in interview
What is function 1 of the Calgary-Cambridge model and what does it involve?
Building the relationship
Involve patient so they understand and is comfortable with participating
Develop rapport so patient feels understood, valued and supported
Establish trust laying down foundation of therapeutic relationship
Encourage environment that maximises accurate and efficient initiation, information gathering, explanation and planning
Enable supportive counselling
Develop and maintain continued relationship over time
