Introduction to Parasitology Flashcards
is a specialized branch of ecology
Parasitology
is the study of organisms living within a specialized environment
Parasitology
is usually not obligatory, but it reflects a relationship in which one species of organism benefits and the other neither benefits nor is harmed
Commensalism
is a relationship in which one species of organism lives on or with another organism, with the parasite living at the expense of and often causing harm to the host
Parasitism
The study of parasites and hosts interaction is called
Parasitology
are living organisms that are associated with food for all or part of their life cycle.
Parasites
are organisms providing food for parasites
Hosts
Parasitology involves:
◼ Biology of parasites
◼ Variation of life cycles among parasites
◼ Methods of invasion
◼ Migration and maturation within the hosts
◼ Effect of parasites upon the hosts
◼ Host reactions and responses
◼ Methods of escape from the hosts
◼ Distribution of the parasites
Types of Parasites:
- Endoparasite
- Ectoparasite
- Facultative parasite
- Accidental parasite
lives inside the host
Endoparasite
lives on or in the skin
Ectoparasite
free-living organism that can become parasitic if it is accidentally ingested or enters a wound or other body opening.
Facultative parasite
normally live in or on a host other than humans, and these parasites do not survive long in an unnatural human host
Accidental parasite
Types of Host
- Definitive host
- Intermediate host
- Transport host
- Reservoir host
one in which the parasite reaches sexual or reproductive maturity
Definitive host
is one that harbors parasites that engage in asexual
reproduction
Intermediate host
one that harbors a parasite that does not reproduce but merely goes on to infect a new host
Transport host
may harbor a parasite that is also infective for humans
Reservoir host
are microscopic one-celled organisms that are categorized according to their method of movements
Protozoans
the only parasitic ciliate that causes disease in humans is
Balantidium coli
three of the most common and medically significant Flagellates include:
Giardia lamblia, Trypanosome sp. and Trichomonas vaginalis
Classification of Parasites
- Amoeba
- Metazoans
- Arthropods
Amoeba –include the pathogenic amoeba ____________________________ which cause dysentery in humans
Entamoeba and Endolimax
are multicellular worm-like invertebrates
Metazoans