Introduction to Networking: Local Area Networks

Question 1

adapter

Answer 1

is a computer card that fits into the computer bus to allow information to be exchanged between the computer and devices that the card supports.

Question 2

backend server

Answer 2

is a communications model in which the backend server provides the front-end or client computers with the required resource indirectly through an intermediate node.

Question 3

client

Answer 3

portion of a client/server architecture is any node or workstation used by a single user.

Question 4

client/server

Answer 4

is a model in computer networking where individual PCs can access data or services from a common high-performance computer.

Question 5

Cluster

Answer 5

is a group of network servers running an NOS that allows them to appear to clients as one server.

Question 6

domain

Answer 6

is a group of computers that share a common domain database and security policy.

Question 7

Domain Name System (DNS)

Answer 7

is an Internet service that translates domain names into IP addresses.

Question 8

Ethernet

Answer 8

originally developed in the 1970s by Xerox Corporation in conjunction with Intel and DEC, is now the primary medium for LANs.

Question 9

Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)

Answer 9

is a LAN standard specifying a 100-Mbps token-passing network using fiber-optic cable.

Question 10

frame relay

Answer 10

Frame relay is a technology designed to move data across a WAN at speeds of 56 Kbps to 1.5 Mbps.

Question 11

hub

Answer 11

a wiring concentrator, a simple hub is a repeater with multiple ports. A signal coming into one port is repeated out the other ports. Hubs operate at the Physical Layer of the OSI model.

Question 12

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Answer 12

is an applicationlevel protocol that can be used for many tasks, such as name servers and distributed object management systems, through extension of its request methods (commands).

Question 13

IEEE 802.16™ WirelessMAN

Answer 13

standard for WAN and MAN connectivity, which is commercially known as WiMAX, an acronym for “Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access.

Question 14

Internet Protocol (IP)

Answer 14

is a Network Layer protocol responsible for getting a packet (datagram) through a network.

Question 15

Media Access Control (MAC)

Answer 15

is one of the media-specific IEEE 802 standards (802.3, 802.4, and 802.5) that defines the protocol and frame formats for Ethernet, Token Bus, and Token Ring.

Question 16

multicast group

Answer 16

is composed of network users that have subscribed to receive data streams from an application. The application sends a copy to each member of the multicast group.

Question 17

multistation access unit (MAU)

Answer 17

is a device used in Token Ring networks to provide connectivity between individual workstations. It is also referred to as a Token Ring hub.

Question 18

Napster

Answer 18

was a file swapping application that allowed users to share music files with others running the Napster application.

Question 19

network interface card (NIC)

Answer 19

is an expansion board that is inserted into a computer so the computer can be connected to a network.

Question 20

network operating system (NOS)

Answer 20

is the software that manages server operations and provides services to clients. The NOS manages the interface between the network’s underlying transport capabilities and the applications resident on the server.

Question 21

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)

Answer 21

It provides a voluntary standard for developing products without regard to the underlying hardware.

Question 22

Partial Mesh Topology

Answer 22

In a partial mesh topography, all nodes are connected to a central hub while only some nodes are directly connected to other sites using point-to-point links. This network configuration saves the cost of implementing a full mesh network if a network does not require full redundancy.

Question 23

peer-to-peer

Answer 23

is a model in computer networking in which two computing devices have approximately the same capability, and either one can initiate communication directly with the other.

Question 24

point-to-point

Answer 24

fall into two classes: circuit-switched networks, in which a connection is formed between the nodes, as in a telephone network, and packet-switched or connectionless networks, in which packets of data, or datagrams, are passed from node to node until they reach their destination, like telegrams.

Question 25

portal site

Answer 25

refer to Web sites that provide a starting place for finding information on the Internet. These sites provide directories of sites that are organized into categories.

Question 26

protocol

Answer 26

defines the format and meaning of the data that programs interchange. Data communications involves the transfer of data between computer programs.

Question 27

Request for Comment (RFC)

Answer 27

is one of the working documents of the Internet research and development community.

Question 28

three-tier communication model

Answer 28

consists of a client, middle tier server, and a backend database server that hosts the shared resource.

Question 29

Token Bus

Answer 29

Token Bus is a MAC standard that uses token passing on a bus topology.

Question 30

Token Ring

Answer 30

is the IEEE 802.5 specified, ring-based, token-passing LAN topology. Each node on the ring acts as a repeater, passing the token from node to node as the token travels around the entire ring. Each node must wait its turn to transmit data, and may only transmit when it controls the token.

Question 31

topology

Answer 31

refers to the specific physical configuration of a network or a portion of a network. Ring and star are examples of different network topologies.

Question 32

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Answer 32

is a Transport Layer protocol used to send messages reliably across a network. It is usually paired with IP.