Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Liz's Microbiology Module 1 > Introduction to Microbiology Techniques > Flashcards

Introduction to Microbiology Techniques Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Known amounts of pure chemical substances, predictable and reproducible, ideal for all media

A

Defined media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nonselective, nutrient media, supports large number of organisms (ex. TSA, SBA)

A

Primary (nonselective) isolation media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Contains inhibitors to retard some organisms (ex. MAC, HEK, XLD)

A

Selective isolation media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Indicators allow recognition of certain biochemical reactions (ex. MAC; those that utilize lactose and those that don’t)

A

Differential media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Promotes growth of some organisms, contains enrichments (ex. CHOC, often incubated in CO2 incubator for growth of fastidious organisms)

A

Enrichment media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Allows survival of organisms for extended periods, limits sugars (or adds extra buffer to counteract acids in sugar fermentation) and avoids selective agents

A

Maintenance media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Inhibits growth of unwanted organisms (usual flora), only used in selective media, mostly used in specimens w/ mixed normal flora, selectivity is also concentration dependent

A

Selective agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Selective agent dye that inhibits GP and fastidious GN

A

Brillian green

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Selective agent DYES that inhibit GP

A

Eosin, methylene blue, basic fuchsin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Heavy meatl that inhibits GP and most GN

A

Bismuth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Used for isolation of Salmonella (GN)

A

Bismuth sulfide agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dyes, heavy metals, antimicrobials, and other chemicals are used as ____

A

Selective agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Chemical that inhibits GP, blue

A

Citrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Chemical that inhibits GP, bile salts

A

Sodium desoxycholate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Chemicals that inhibit GN

A

Phenylethyl alcohol and azide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

High concentration of ____ is inhibitory to most organisms (except Staphylococcus)

A

NaCl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

This agar is used to isolate Staphylococcus

A

Mannitol Salt agar (MSA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Binds O2 in anaerobic medium

A

Reducing agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

oxidation-reduction potential in anaerobic medium

A

Eh indicators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Areas w/ flora usually require use of what kind of agar?

A

Selective and differential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

This media is often added on specimens from normally sterile areas

A

Enrichment media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Used in most laboratories on ALL routine specimens, best medium for colonial morphology, only medium used for determination of hemolysis

A

Sheep Blood Agar (SBA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The most frequently used liquid medium for cultivation of organisms from original specimens (swabs, CSF, etc.), enriched will NOT support growth of many fastidious organisms, anaerobes will grow in lower levels in this b/c of less O2 tension

A

Thioglycollate broth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Selective agar, antibiotics inhibit most GN organisms, appearane is similar to SBA

A

Colistin Nalidixic Acid (CNA) Agar

25
Q

Selective and differential agar, GP organisms INHIBITED (crystal violet and bile salts), used for isolating and differentiating GNRs

A

MacConkey Agar (MAC)

26
Q

Lactose positive colonies are ____

A

Dark pink

27
Q

Lactose negative colonies are ____

A

Very ligth pink

28
Q

Selective and differential agar, GP organisms INHIBITED, used for isolating and differentiating GNRs (lactose and other CHO’s), used primarily for isolating pathogens in stool

A

Xylose, Lysine, Desoxycholate agar (XLD)

29
Q

Color of CHO positive on XLD plate

A

Yellow

30
Q

Color of CHO negative on XLD plate

A

Clear/red (color of original medium)

31
Q

Color of H2S-producing organism on XLD plate

A

Black

32
Q

Selective and differential agar, GP organisms inhibited by bile salts, used for isolating and differentiating GNR’s (lactose and other CHOs), used primarily for isolating pathogens in stool

A

Hektoen Agar (HE or HEK)

33
Q

Color of CHO positive organisms on HE or HEK plate

A

Orange

34
Q

Color of CHO negative organisms on HE or HEK plate

A

Clear/green (color of original medium)

35
Q

Color of H2S-producing organisms on HE or HEK plate?

A

Black

36
Q

Selective and differential agar, inhibits GP organisms, often used for E. coli identification (green sheen)

A

Eosin Methylene blue (EMB)

37
Q

Enrichment media, no selective agents, supports growth of most organisms and many fastidious organisms, particularly Haemophilus and Neisseria used for spinal fluid

A

Chocolate agar

38
Q

Selective enrichment agar, chocolate agar w/ antimicrobials, primarily used on genital or rectal specimens for isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitidis while inhibiting usual flora

A

Martin-Lewis, Thayer Martin media

39
Q

Used to disinfect non-metallic surfaces, effective against HIV and HBV(

A

Sodium hypochlorite (bleach)

40
Q

Autoclave temp, PSI, and time

A

121C, 15 PSI, 15-20 minutes (not for large volumes)

41
Q

List 3 aerobes

A

Obligate aerobe, microaerophile, facultative anaerobe

42
Q

List 3 anaerobes

A

Aerotolerant anaerobes, moderate obligate anaerobes, strict obligate anaerobes

43
Q

Incubation ccondition for ambient air or non-CO2 incubator

A

21% O2, 0.03% CO2 (room air); aerobic

44
Q

Incubation conditions for CO2 incubator

A

15% O2, 5-10% CO2 (room air w/ extra CO2 pumped in); aerobic

45
Q

Incubation conditions for microaerophilic incubator

A

5% O2, 10% CO2; aerobic

46
Q

Incubation conditions for anaerobic incubator

A

0% O2, 5-10% CO2

47
Q

Where do we put biochemicals, differential media, and antimicrobial susceptibility tests?

A

Ambient air incubators

48
Q

Where do we put primary plates and fastidious organisms?

A

CO2 incubators (capnophilic)

49
Q

These provide initial clue to cause of infecction, may dictate therapy decisions, evaluate quality of specimen, tells us if we need additional media, determines if we should QC for culture results

A

Direct smears

50
Q

Primary stain in Gram stain (add Na Biocarbonate)

A

Crystal violet

51
Q

Mordant in Gram stain, complexes w/ crystal violet inside cell and makes it difficult to wash out

A

Iodine

52
Q

Decolorizer in Gram stain

A

Acetone/Alcohol

53
Q

Counterstin in Gram stain

A

Safranin

54
Q

Have increased peptidoglycan in cell wall which retains crystal violet and will stain dark blue-purple

A

Gram positive

55
Q

Have incrased lipid content, dissolved w/ acid/alcohol allowing crystal violet to flow out of cell, stains pink-red

A

Gram negative

56
Q

Stain useful for high lipis in cell wall where acidified alcohol is used, stains mycobacteria includingM, tuberculosis and related bacteria, Ziehl-Neelsen and Kinyoun Methods, stain red = positive, blue = negative

A

Acid fast (AF)

57
Q

Stains nucleic acid, fluorescent dye, bacteria stain yellow, used most often in blood smears

A

Acridine orange

58
Q

These methods can be spot tests, chromogenic or fluorogenic substrates by enzymes, slide agglutinations or ELISA, nucleic and methods, or automated systems

A

Rapid methods

59
Q

What does MALDI-TOF stand for?

A

Matrix Assisted Laser Desportion–Time of Flight

Liz's Microbiology Module 1 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions