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Microbiology > Introduction To microbiology > Flashcards

Introduction To microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Branches of study within microbiology

A

Immunology
Public health microbiology & epidemiology
Food, dairy, and aquatic microbiology
Biotechnology
Genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology

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2
Q

Studies the behavior of diseases, natural cycle and how it affects the population

A

Public health & epidemiology

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3
Q

Microorganism for Genetically modified products

A

Bacillus thuringiensis

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4
Q

Microbes are involved in

A 
Nutrient production & energy flow
Decomposition
Production of foods, drugs & vaccines
Bioremediation
Causing disease
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5
Q

Any process that uses microorganisms to return the natural environment altered by contaminants to its original condition

A

Bioremediation

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6
Q

How many microorganisms are truly pathogenic

A

100

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7
Q

List pathogen accdg to distribution

A
  1. Bacteria
  2. fungi
  3. Helminths
  4. Virus & prions
  5. Protozoans
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8
Q

Under microbiology

A

Bacteria
Fungi
Virus & prions

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9
Q

Under parasitology

A

Helminths

Protozoans

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10
Q

Diseases which were previously unknown

A

Emerging diseases

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11
Q

Diseases whose prevalence have been minimal in the past but suddenly increasing in number

A

Re-emerging diseases

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12
Q

Multicellular organisms

A

Helminths

Fungi

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13
Q

Greenish growths seen un old bread

A

Penicillium / aspergillus

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14
Q

Unicellular

A

Yeast

Trichomonas tenax

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15
Q

Microorganism - tartar from a tooth

A

Trichomonas tenax

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16
Q

Cytopathic effect

A

Effect of virus in the tissue that determines their presence

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17
Q

Smallest virus

A

Picorna virus

10nm

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18
Q

May contain only DNA or RNA

A

Viruses

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19
Q

Pieces of proteins capable of inducing diseases

A

Prions

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20
Q

Diseases that wreaked havoc to the world

A 
Respiratory infections
aids
Diarrheal diseases
Tuberculosis
STI
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21
Q

Simple celled organisms

A

Prokaryotic

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22
Q

Cells of human body, fungi and helminths

A

Eukaryotic

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23
Q

Father of public health

A

Ignaz semmelweiss

24
Q

Best way of preventing infectious diseases

A

Handwashing

25
Q

Used by semmelweiss for hand washing

A

Chlorinated lime solution

26
Q

Microorganisms used for the germ theory of disease

A

Anthrax

Tuberculosis

27
Q

Koch’s postulates

A

Organism id found in lesions of disease
It can be isolated in pure culture
Inoculation produces similar disease to exp. animal
Organism can be recovered from exp. animal

28
Q

System of organizing, classifying and naming living things

29
Q

Naming microorganisms

A

Binomial
Genus species
Italicized/underlined

30
Q

Levels of classification

A 
Domain
Kingdom
Phyllum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
31
Q

3 domains

A

Eubacteria
Archae
Eukarya

32
Q

True bacteria, peptidoglycan, prokaryotic cell type

A

Eubacteria

33
Q

Odd bacteria

Lives in extreme environments

34
Q

With nucleus and orgnelles

Eukaryotic cell type

35
Q

Stage in which the organism enters the body and starts to colonize

36
Q

Father of microbiology

A

Anton van leeuwehoek

37
Q

Contributions of Leeuwenhoek

A

First person to see live bacteria & protozoa
Simple microscope
Animacules

38
Q

Hypothetical process by which living organisms develop from non living matter

A

Spontaneous generation theory/ theory of abiogenesis

39
Q

Persons who prove/disproved the theory of abiogenesis

A

Francesco redi
John needham
Lazaro spallanzani
Louis pasteur

40
Q

Maggots arise from eggs of flies rather than directly from rotting meat

A

Francesco redi

41
Q

Boiled broth in a flask,left it open to cool and sealed it,

A

John needham

42
Q

Boiled 2 separate flasks

A

Lazaro spallanzani

43
Q

Comtributions of louis pasteur

A 
Fermentation
Anaerobes
Pasteurization
Silkworm diseases
Vaccines
Theory of biogenesis
44
Q

Process of pasteurization

A

63-65 degrees for 30 minutes

73-75 degrees for 15seconds

45
Q

Vaccines developed by pasteur

A

Chicken cholera
Anthrax
Swine erysipelas
Rabies

46
Q

Theory of biogenesis

A

S-shaped flask kept microbes out but lets air in

47
Q

Developed methods if cultivating bacteria on solid media

A

Robert koch

48
Q

Microorganisms discovered by koch

A

M. Tuberculosis

Vibrio cholera

49
Q

Experimental procedure proving that specific microbe is the cause of a specific infectious disease

A

Koch’s postulates

50
Q

Discovered first effective treatment for syphillis

A

Paul erlich

51
Q

Contributions of paul erlich

A 
Tx for syphillis
True chemical reaction occurred in the staining of cells
Acid-fast method of staining 
Magic bullet / side chain theory
Field of chemotherapy
52
Q

Penicillin

A

Alexander fleming

53
Q

Father of immunology

A

Edward jenner

54
Q

Vaccinated people against small pox

A

Edward jenner

55
Q

Father of antiseptic surgery

A

Joseph lister

56
Q

The study of organisms too small to be seen without magnification

A

Microbiology

Microbiology (5 decks)

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