Introduction to Metabolism

Question 1

1st law of thermodynamics

Answer 1

nrg cannot be created or destroyed

Question 2

2nd law of themodynamics

Answer 2

entropy; any chemical rxn will increase the disorder of the universe

Question 3

delta g, free nrg

Answer 3

is the nrg available to do work. combination of the 2 laws. used to predict if rxn will proceed w/o addition of nrg, spontaneous rxns

Question 4

delta G= delta H - TdeltaS

Answer 4

delta is diff btwn product and reactant
t is temp
h is enthalpy or total nrg
s is entropy or nrg that cannot be used for work

Question 5

endergonic rxn

Answer 5

products has more nrg, more ordered than reactants. delta g will be +ive, rxn require nrg

Question 6

exergonic rxn

Answer 6

products has less nrg, less ordered than reactants, delta g -ive. rxns do not require work and spontaneous

Question 7

what happens if delta g is near 0

Answer 7

rxn can go either way w/o added nrg

Question 8

delta g knot’

Answer 8

value obtained under standard conditions, does not mimic conditions inside the cell

Question 9

what is the potential nrg in organic molecules like sugar and aa

Answer 9

e- participating in covalent bonds. intrinsic nrg is highest in C-C and C-H bonds

Question 10

when ATP (adenine triphosphate) is reduced to
rxn is spontaneous?

Answer 10

ADP + Pi. exergonic and spontaneous, delta G knot’= -30.5 kJ/mol

Question 11

what does a wiggle mean

Answer 11

high nag bond, free nag is quite -ive, lots of free nag when bond is hydrolyzed

Question 12

molecules other than ATP w/high nrg bond

Answer 12

PEP, Acetyl~CoA, other nucleoside triphosphate like UTP and GTP.

Question 13

UTP + NAG –>

Answer 13

UDP~NAG + Pi