Introduction to Hemostasis; Specimen collection Flashcards
List the four major systems involved in maintaining hemostasis.
Vascular system
Platelets
Plasma coagulation factors
Fibrinolytic system
Process by which the body (upon vessel injury) spontaneously stops bleeding & maintains blood in the fluid state within the vascular system.
Hemostasis
Prevents blood loss from injuries by the formation of a thrombus, and re-establish blood flow during the healing process.
Hemostasis
The process of clot formation
Coagulation
A blood clot within the vascular system; “platelet plug”
Thrombus
Also refers to the formation of a blood clot or thrombus, but usually considered to be an abnormal finding.
Thrombosis
Name of the first system
Vascular system
Name of the second system
Platelets
Name of the fourth system
Fibrinolytic system
Name of the third system
Plasma coagulation factors
Which system is responsible for primary hemostasis?
Platelets (2nd system)
Which system is responsible for secondary hemostasis?
Plasma coagulation factors (3rd system)
Define Fibrinolysis
Breakdown of fibrin
Reduces blood flow to area of injury to minimize blood loss and also draws platelets close to the injured vessel wall.
Vasoconstriction.
Damaged endothelial cells secrete___________.
Von Willebrand (vWF) factor
What is activated by exposure of tissue thromboplastin/tissue factor (TF)?
Plasma coagulation system
Platelet adhesion, aggregation, and, secretion is necessary to form ______
Platelet plug
What system is initiated it by TF (tissue thromboplastin)?
Plasma coagulation system/ “cascade”
What three consequences leads to the formation of fibrin?
Coagulation, inflammation, and tissue repair
List two stages of Hemostasis.
Primary and secondary hemostasis
What is the function of primary hemostasis?
Platelets interact with injured vessels (and other platelets) to seal the wound. and form a primary platelet plug.
Does primary hemostasis have short term or long term effect?
Short term - temporarily arrests bleeding
What two systems are associated with primary hemostasis?
Vascular intima and Platelets
What type of test is used to diagnose a defect in primary hemostasis?
Platelet tests
What is the function of Hemostasis?
Thrombin generated via coagulation cascade, in turn, generate fibrin. and forms secondary hemostatic plug.
Does secondary hemostasis have short term or long term effect?
Long term- strengthens the platelets plug
What two systems are associated with secondary hemostasis?
Coagulation and fibrinolysis
What type of test is used to diagnose a defect in secondary hemostasis?
Coag tests
Briefly describe an overview of hemostasis… beginning with the initial damage to the blood vessel. and ending with fibrinolysis.
- Vessel injury
- Collagen exposed/vWF secreted..platelet adhesion
- ADP secreted from granules- platelet aggregation= 1* hemostasis
- platelet plug reinforced by fibrin= 2* hemostasis
- Thrombus dissolved by fibrinolytic system
List 7 types of bleeds associated with a platelet or vascular defect. (problem with primary hemostasis).
Petechiae, Purpura, Epistaxis, Hematemesis, Menorrhagia, Telangiectasia and also mucosal bleeding
List the 3 types of bleeds associated with disorders of coagulation. (problem with secondary hemostasis)
Ecchymoses, and Hemarthrosis, and also delyaed bleeding an dozzing from wounds