Introduction to haematology Flashcards
What are anaemias managed by
OTC treatment
What does plasma contain
Water glucose lipids hormones drugs
What drugs are found in plasma
- albumins
- globulins
- Fibrinogen
What do albumins do
Transport, colloidal osmotic pressure
What are globulins involved in
Transport, clotting, precursors to hormones, defence
What are fibrinogens involved in
Clotting
What is serum
Coagulated plasma
How long do RBCs survive
120 days
What are WBCs also known as
Leucocytes
Different type of leucocytes
- neutrophil
- eosinophil
- basophil
- monocytes
- lymphocytes
Which WBCs are phagocytes
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
monocytes
What are lymphocytes
Immunocytes
Function of neutrophil
Phagocytosis of microorganisms
Function of eosinophils
Parasite killing and inflammatory
Function of basophil
Release histamine in hypersensitivity reactions
Function of monocytes
Phagocytic, leave blood and become macrophages
Function of lymphocytes
Produce immunoglobins
What are platelets
- cellular fragments
- non-nucleated
- clot formation
Whats blood cell production
Haemopoiesis
Where is blood produced in fetus and neonate
Liver and spleen
Where is blood produced in adults, neonate and children
Bone marrow
What is clonal expansion
Pluripotent stem cells can either become lymphoid stem cells and then become B and T lymphocytes or become mixed myeloid progenitor.
Mixed myeloid progenitor then become committed precursor cells which can become monocytes, granulocytes (Neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils), RBCs, or megakaryocytic (platelets)
How is white cell production controlled
1) colony stimulating factors (CSF) produced and acts on neutrophil line (produce more white cells)
2) CSF stimulated by infections
3) recombinant CSFs useful to improve reduced WBC counts after anticancer drugs
What are blood counts used for
Work outsells per volume
