How the body responds to infection

Question 1

Where are B lymphocytes made

Answer 1

bone marrow

Question 2

where are T lymphocytes made

Answer 2

Thymus

Question 3

What are the bone marrow and thymus

Answer 3

Primary lymphoid organs

Question 4

How do lymphocytes travel

Answer 4

Through lymph nodes

Question 5

How do lymphocytes move through the body (lymphocyte recirculation)

Answer 5

• MOvement in blood stream
• Can enter secondary lymphoid tissue
• From peripheral tissue, enter lymph nodes through afferent lymphatics
• LEave lymph nodes through efferent lymphatics

Question 6

What are the PMS/granulocytes

Answer 6

Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil

Question 7

What are mono-nuclear cells

Answer 7

• monocytes/macrophages
• Dendritic cells
• MK cells
• CD8+ TC lymphocytes
• CD4+ TH lymphocytes
• B lymphocytes

Question 8

What don’t mast cells do

Answer 8

circulate in blood stream

Question 9

What cels are part of innate immunity

Answer 9

• neutrophils
• basophils
• eosinophils
• Mast cells
• macrophages
• Dendritic cells
• MK cells

Question 10

What cels are part of adaptive immunity

Answer 10

• CD8+ TC lymphocytes
• CD4+ TH lymphocytes
• B lymphocytes

Question 11

Characteristics of innate immunity

Answer 11

• naturally activated
• quickly activated
• moderate efficiency
• doesn’t improve
• general response to categories of microbes

Question 12

What does innate immunity recognize

Answer 12

PAMPS (pathogen associated molecular patterns)(e.g. double stranded RNA)

Question 13

What are PAMPS

Answer 13

characteristic chemical structure

Question 14

How does the innate response recognize PAMPS

Answer 14

PRR (pattern recognition receptors)

Question 15

What activates the innate immune response

Answer 15

Binding of PRR and PAMPS

Question 16

Characteristics of adaptive immunity

Answer 16

• more slowly activated
• improves
• high efficiency
• specific response to individual microbes
• recognition of antigens specific to each type of microbe

Question 17

What does the adaptive immune system recognize

Answer 17

antigen-specific receptors clonally expressed by lymphocytes

Question 18

Definition of an antigen

Answer 18

Activates lymphocytes

Question 19

What’s the primary immune response

Answer 19

• microbe gets through epithelial barrier
• Innate response (macrophages activated by PAMPS bound to PRRs and comp proteins)
• Early induced response (innate/inflammatory)

Question 20

What is the early induced response

Answer 20

-Inflammatory mediators from complement, macrophages and mast cells attract leukocytes and serum proteins (more complement) from blood vessels

Question 21

What is the later adaptive response

Answer 21

• Antigen carriage by dendritic cells to lymphoid tissue

- Activation pf specific memory T and B lymphocytes and Antibody production recirculation to site of infection

Question 22

What gives a faster response after a primary infection

Answer 22

Memory T and B cells

Question 23

What are the different categories of infection

Answer 23

• Extracellular infection
• Intracellular vesicular infection
• intracellular cytosolic infection

Question 24

What cells do extracellular infections involve

Answer 24

• phagocytes
• antibodies
• complement proteins

Question 25

What cells do intracellular vesicular infections involve

Answer 25

Helper T cells

Question 26

What calls to intracellular cytosolic infections involve

Answer 26

• Interferon proteins
• Natural killer cells
• Cytosolic T cells

Question 27

What’s lymphoproliferative disease

Answer 27

cancerous transformation of immune cells