Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Blood and immunity > Bacteria, structure, growth and taxonomy > Flashcards

Bacteria, structure, growth and taxonomy Flashcards

1
Q

Bacteria within context of other microorganisms

A

Monera (single cells)—–> Prokaryote—–> Archeobacteria and Eubacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What determines whether a bacterium is Gram+ve or Gram -ve

A

Outer membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the flagellum linked to and what does this do

A

Cell membrane- allows it to get ATP for movement from the electron transport chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do the pili do

A

Adhesive so bacteria can stick to epithelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In bacteria and eukaryotes, which has nucleic acid

A

both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In bact and eukaryotes which has a structured nucleus

A

eukaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In bacteria and eukaryotes which has mitochondria

A

eukaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In bacteria and eukaryotes which has ribosomes

A

both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

IN bacteria and eukaryotes which has a cell membrane

A

both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In bacteria and eukaryotes which has a rigid cell wall

A

bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In bacteria and eukaryotes which has a mesosome

A

bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In bacteria and eukaryotes which has ER/golgi

A

euk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Whats the taxonomical hierarchy

A 
kingdom
division
class
family
genus
species
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How can you classify bacteria based on its phenotype

A
  • Morphology (macroscopic and microscopic)
  • biotyping (dentification of different bacteria types based on reaction to biochemical tests.
  • serotyping (separate groups within a species of microorganisms that all share a similar characteristic
  • antibiogram patterns (resistance to antibiotics)
  • Dyocin/PHage though (bacteria produce antibiotics towards other bacteria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Whats macroscopic

Whats microscopic

A

macro- growth on agar medium

micro- morphology of single cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Whats alpha hemolysis

A

Incomplete destruction of RBCs

17
Q

Whats beta hemolysis

A

Complete destruction of RBCs

18
Q

In microscopic tests to see the morphology of the bacteria, what are the two stains used

A
  • Gram stain (true bacteria)

- Acid fast stain (mycobacteria)

19
Q

How to assess the genotype of the bacteria to classify it

A
  • % of guanine and cytosine
  • DNA hybridization
  • Nucleic acid sequence analysis
  • Chromosomal DNA fragment analysis
  • Ribotyping
20
Q

Whats DNA hybridization

A

Split DNA of bacteria adding probes specific to that certain bacteria. If binds the it is part of that bacterial group

21
Q

Whats nucleic acid sequence analysis

A

Looks at housekeeping genes and helps to distinguish sub-species

22
Q

Whats chromosomal DNA fragment analysis

A

Breaking DNA and running it in an agar to see the banding patterns

23
Q

Whats ribotyping

A

Look at ribosomal RNA characteristic

24
Q

What does the Gram stain differentiate between

A

Bacteria based on cell wall

25
Q

What does Gram +ve mean

A

Thick cell wall

26
Q

What does Gram -ve mean

A

Thin cell wall

27
Q

Process of using Gram stain

A
  • fix sample onto slide
  • Add crystal violet to add color
  • Add Gram’s iodine to get into cell wall
  • Acid decoloriser (alcohol/acetone) to remove Gram’s iodine from thin cell wall (can’t remove it from the thicker cell wall)
  • Add Safranin red (Gram -ve take up red color and the gram +ve remains purple)
28
Q

do G+ve/-ve bacteria have outer membrane

A

-ve

29
Q

do G+ve/-ve bacteria have LPS (endotoxin)

A

-ve

30
Q

do G+ve/-ve bacteria have Teichoic acid

A

+ve

31
Q

do G+ve/-ve bacteria have sporulation

A

Some strains of +ve

32
Q

do G+ve/-ve bacteria have a capsule

A

Both sometimes have it

33
Q

do G+ve/-ve bacteria have lysozyme

A

+ve is sensitive

34
Q

G+ve/-ve bacteria and penicillin susceptibility

A

Gram +ve is more susceptible and -ve is less susceptible

35
Q

How are bacterial cell walls synthesised

A
  • Peptidoglycan precursors synthesized inside the cell
  • Exported across the cell membrane X bacitracin
  • A site is created in the existing wall by enzymic action PBPs
  • The new nucleotide minus the terminal D-ala is encorporated
  • cell grows
36
Q

What is the cell wall made from

A

peptidoglycan

Blood and immunity (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions