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Geography Yr 8 > Introduction to Fieldwork > Flashcards

Introduction to Fieldwork Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the stages of fieldwork?

A
  1. Introduction and planning
  2. Method and data collection
  3. Data presentation
  4. Data analysis
  5. Conclusion
  6. Evaluation
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2
Q

Hypothesis:

A

An idea to be tested, which can either be proved or rejected.

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3
Q

Human:

A

Looks at environments that are created by people, e.g. cities or tourist resorts.

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4
Q

Physical:

A

Looks at natural landscapes e.g. rivers and coasts.

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5
Q

Suitable clothing for a river site fieldwork investigation:

A
  • waders
  • wellies
  • waterproof jacket/clothes
  • insulated clothes
  • change of clothes
  • waterproof trousers
  • life jacket
  • towel
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6
Q

Possible risks at a river site:

A
  • breaking equipment
  • getting wet
  • falling into the river - drowning
  • strong currents
  • hitting head on rock
  • hypothermia
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7
Q

How to overcome the risks at a river site:

A
  • waterproof clothing
  • staying cautious
  • wearing a helmet
  • medical kit
  • rope
  • checking footing
  • phone
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8
Q

Quantitive:

A

Anything numerical e.g. wave counts

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9
Q

Qualitative:

A

Anything non-numerical e.g. a written description of the environment

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10
Q

Primary:

A

Data you have collected yourself.

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11
Q

Secondary:

A

Looked at other sources, used someone else’s sources.

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12
Q

Random sampling:

A

Selecting a person or a place at random.

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13
Q

Advantages of random sampling:

A
  • easy
  • non-time consuming
  • unbiased, no particular people or places selected
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14
Q

Disadvantages of random sampling:

A
  • not precise

- not fair representation

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15
Q

Systematic sampling:

A

Collecting data in an ordered or regular way (e.g.every 5 metres)

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16
Q

Advantages of systematic sampling:

A
  • precise
  • fair representation
  • regular
  • thorough
  • unbiased
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17
Q

Disadvantages of Systematic sampling:

A
  • time consuming
  • more difficult
  • might misrepresent certain subgroups in your data
18
Q

Stratified sampling:

A

Collecting data from different group in a population to ensure fairer representation.

19
Q

Advantages of stratified sampling:

A
  • planned correctly
  • easy
  • precise
  • subgroups in a population are fairly represented
20
Q

Disdvantages of stratified sampling:

A

-slightly more time-consuming

21
Q

Data collection at a river site:

A
  • bedload size
  • soil type
  • type of sediment
  • velocity
  • management strategies
  • river width
  • river depth
  • bedload shape
  • fieldsketch
22
Q

Accuracy:

A

How close the measured value is to the true value of the population.

23
Q

Reliability:

A

How repeatable and consistent the measurements of an investigation are.

24
Q

Validity:

A

How accurately a method measures what it is intended to measure.

25
Q

Why is accurate methodology important?

A
  • makes sure the results are valid
  • correctly interpreted
  • so that others can do the same experiment
  • so that it won’t be misleading when interpreting it
  • so that your conclusion will be correct
26
Q

Why do we need to present data?

A
  • So that it is easier to see patterns.
  • Raw data tables are difficult to interpret.
  • Graphs and charts help to simplify the data.
  • Conclusions are easily drawn from data which is presented well.
  • It also makes it easier data and spot variations and anomalies.
27
Q

Graph types:

A
  • bar chart
  • histogram
  • line graph
  • climate graph
  • scatter graph
  • cross-section
28
Q

Maps:

A
  • OS maps
  • contour maps
  • chloropleth maps
  • satellite maps
  • road maps
  • sketch maps
29
Q

Photos and diagrams:

A
  • satellite
  • sketch/diagram
  • photograph (annotations)
30
Q

Which graphs are good for continuous data?

A

Line graph

31
Q

Which graphs are good for percentage data?

A

Pie chart and bar chart

32
Q

Which graphs are good for data that needs multiple axes?

A

Radar graph

33
Q

Alternatives to graphs are:

A

Results table

34
Q

Which graphs are good for categories (pebble roundness)?

A

Bar chart

35
Q

Which graphs are good for showing relationships?

A

Scatter graphs

36
Q

Which graphs are good for aiding our interpretations of spatial patterns?

A

Locating on a map, aerial photo

37
Q

What is data analysis?

A

When you describe the results. Describe what was used.

  • quote figures (highest and lowest)
  • describe and explain patterns, trends and the relationship that the graph presents
38
Q

How do you write a good conclusion?

A
  • Return to the stated hypothesis.
  • Write a statement about what evidence supports how strong,y the hypothesis is found to be true or false.
  • Note which element of the geographical theory is linked to the fieldwork .
  • Any unusual results should be acknowledged or explained
39
Q

Evaluating Fieldwork

A
  • was is successful
  • see WWW
  • find out how you could improve your experiment to make it more of a fair test
  • was the equipment sufficient?
  • did you follow the method
  • be precise
  • was data collection varied and fair?
  • any problems with the method?
  • was data collection varied an d fair?
  • is the correct equipment used?
  • extend scope of study
  • measured correct variables
40
Q

Evaluating the Conclusion

A
  • were the conclusions a fitting reflection to the aims and hypothesis stated in the coursework?
  • did the study help to answer questions on this?
  • was this a good title/aim in the first place?
  • was the hypothesis specific enough to be able to be assessed easily?
  • was the location for the study appropriate?
  • if you were to repeat this study again - how could you have improved the accuracy of the results?

Geography Yr 8 (10 decks)

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