Introduction to Ethics and law Flashcards
Three main theories?
Virtue Ethics
Deontology
Consequentialism
What is virtue ethics?
Good practice results from the virtuous moral character of the doctor - good for the patient
What is consequentialism?
Good practice consists of securing good outcomes for patients and society.
What is deontology?
Practising medicine in accordance with ethical rules and principles
Examples of ethics tools used:
The Four Principles approach
The Paradigm Case Process
Structured Case Analysis Model
Ethical Grid
Name four principles in the four principles approach.
Non-Maleficence
Beneficence
Autonomy
Justice
What is beneficence?
Acting in best interest to provide benefit
What is non-maleficence?
No harm/ inflict the least harm possible
What is Autonomy?
Acknowledging patients capacity to make their own decisions on their medical care
What is Justice?
Fairness in all medical conditions.
Treat other equitably, distribute benefits and burdens fairly.
What are the four quadrants in the ‘Four Quadrants Approach’?
Patient preference
Quality of Life
Medical indications
Contextual features
What does medical indications include?
Establish a diagnosis
- Treatment options
- Prognosis of each treatment option
What does patient preference include?
Is the patient competent?
What is the patients best interest?
What does quality of life include?
Will the potential treatment improve a patient’s quality of life
What does contextual features include?
Are decisions influenced/impacted by cultural, religious or legal factors.
