Introduction to Digital Dentistry, Scanning and Digital Workflow for Fixed Prosthodontics Flashcards
What is digital dentistry
The use of dental technology or device that incorporates digital or computer- controlled components in contrast to that of mechanical or electrical alone
What is included in digital dentistry?
- Tele-dentistry
- Electronic dental record
- CBCT
- Digital radiology
- Digital impression
- 3-D printing
- CAD/CAM
What is CAD (computer aided design)?
The use of computer programs to create two- or three-dimensional (2D or 3D) graphical representations of physical objects
What is CAM (computer aided manufacturing/milling)?
The use of computer software to control machine tools and related machinery in the manufacturing of work pieces
What is point cloud meshing?
- A collection of data points called a point cloud is used to depict a real-world object
- Combine multiple scans to create complete model
CAD/CAM is often saved and stored as an _____ file
.stl
(Standard Triangulation Language)
What is a standard triangulation language (.stl) file?
It is file format which is an openly documented format for describing the surface of an object as a triangular mesh, that is, as a representation of a 3-dimensional surface in triangular facets
What do we need to apply this digital imaging to practice?
- Intra oral Scanner
- Designing Software
- Production Unit
—Additive: 3D Printing
—Subtractive: Milling
What are the digital imaging and CAD/CAM systems available?
- CEREC Primescan, Omnicam or
Bluecam (Sirona) - Tiors, 3 Shape (3D Biocad)
- iTero digital scanner
- E4D Dentist
- Medit
- Lava COS
What is the requirements of the intra oral scanner?
- Easy to use
- Accuracy
- Software capability and speed
- Cost
What is 3D printing?
It is the use of additive manufacturing to create dental prostheses such as aligners and dentures
What is a milling machine?
Designed to cut crowns, bridges, copings, frameworks, implant abutments and more from materials such as ceramics, zirconia, alloys, resins or wax
What are the characteristics of the CEREC system?
- Inlays/ Onlays, Crowns, & bridges
- Visible Blue Light (LEDs)
- Powder is required for some
scanners - Digital on-screen articulation
What are the different generations of CEREC?
- CEREC Bluecam
- CEREC Omnicam
- CEREC Primescan
What are the advantages of the CEREC omnicam?
- powder free
- easy handling
- precise 3D image in natural color
What are the advantages of the CEREC Bluecam?
- high precision
- rapid scan in powder coated surfaces
- easy to use
What is the imaging technique for CEREC omnicam?
continous data acquisition
What is the imaging technique for CEREC Bluecam?
multiple shots joined together
How long is a full arch scan for CEREC primescan?
2-3 minutes
How long is a full arch scan for CEREC omnicam?
8-12 minutes
What do you do with CAD/CAM for a single tooth restoration on natural teeth?
- Crowns
- Implant restorations
- Inlays
- Onlays
- Veneers
What do you do with CAD/CAM for multi-unit restorations on natural teeth?
3-unit bridges
What do you do with CAD/CAM for implant restorations?
- Implant planning & surgical guide
- Custom abutments
- Cement retained and screw retained crowns
- Titanium milled bars for full arch restorations
- Frameworks for implant bridges
- Full arch monolithic FDP
What do you do with CAD/CAM for removable prostheses?
- RPD Frameworks
- Complete Dentures
Why should you use CAD/CAM?
- Faster turn around for fixed restorations
- Can delegate scanning to Auxillary team members
- Patients believe high tech is better
- Possible to have less human error in production process
What are the debates involving CAD/CAM?
- Lower costs
- Better fit of restorations
- Long term costs of owning digital equipment due to maintenance and replacement costs
What are the benefits of digital technology?
The multilevel quality improvement afforded through digital technology is recognized in workflow and efficiency, record keeping, and data safety
What are the CAD/CAM classifications based on data acquisition?
- Direct
- Indirect
What are the CAD/CAM classifications based on accessibility to STL files?
- Open system
- Closed system
What are the CAD/CAM classifications based on production of final restoration?
- Chair-side Production
- Laboratory Production
- Centralized Production
Centers
What is direct data acquisition of CAD/CAM?
The data is directly obtained from the patient’s mouth via intra oral scanner
What is indirect data acquisition of CAD/CAM?
The data is indirectly obtained in the lab either from an impression or a stone cast via bench scanner
What is an open file system for CAD/CAM?
Are not dependent on the manufacturer, can be used with any software to fabricate the final restoration
What is an closed file system for CAD/CAM?
The data is controlled and manipulated by the owner (manufacturer)
What is chair-side production for final restoration?
No provisionalization is needed
What is laboratory production for final restoration?
dental laboratory scanner and designing software -> CAD/CAM
What is the centralized production of final restoration?
production center -> CAM
_________ scanning is faster and substantially more comfortable
Intraoral
Digital technologies improve the
workflow from…
diagnosis, planning, and treatment
What is the analogue cost?
- Initial cost:
VPS, registration materials ~ $50 - Additional cost: trays, dispensers, and stone, lab cost, & shipping
What is digital cost?
- Initial cost:
- Scanner $20K -$30K
- Milling unit $110K - $120K
- Additional cost: electronic lab prescriptions, blocks, burs, & maintenance, lost time and production if machine goes down
What takes time when using analogue methods?
- Tray selection or Custom tray
- Setting time
- Remake
- Opposing arch
- Inter-occlusal records
- Disinfection
- Shipping time
What takes time when using digital methods?
- Learning curve
- Scan (prep, opposing & buccal)
- Evaluate the scan
- Rescan
- Lab prescription
Tissue displacement is a MUST for which type of workflow (digital or analogue)?
BOTH
Dry field is a MUST for which type of workflow (digital or analogue)?
BOTH
____ mm of uncut tooth structure apical to the finish line is required for both analogue and digital workflow
0.5
_____________ impressions are still recommended for full-arch restorations
Conventional
__________ impressions showed a clinically accepted results,& shortened the treatment time
Digital
____ significant difference was observed regarding the marginal gap of single-unit ceramic restorations obtained from digital or conventional impression techniques
No
What are some advantages of the Optical/Digital technique?
- More comfortable to the patient
- Equal marginal fit (both clinically accepted)
- Improves dentist/lab communication
- Cuts down the turn around time
What are some advantages of the full-arch impressions?
- Use conventional impression
- Digital impression are not as accurate across an arch
Posterior single tooth restorations fabricated from intraoral scans by using CAD/CAM technology have acceptable results for…
shade, contour, marginal adaptation, and occlusion
Full-contour, high translucency cubic-containing zirconia is gorwing in use but despite its use it does not have the longevity or fit as ________ nor the strength, longevity, or conservative prep of the ____________
e.max
3Y zirconia
When prepping a crown reduce an additional ______ mm of the facial and occlusal tooth surfaces compared to the standard prep when using digital?
0.20-0.50
