Introduction to criminology Flashcards
Term 1 Module 1
What is Garland’s (2002) definition of criminology?
A discourse and inquiry of crime. Distinguishing other ways of dictating criminal conduct
What is Newburn’s (2017) definition of criminology?
How to respond to developing modern crime using sociological approaches; policy orientated changes to control emerging crime
An example of Newburn’s definition of criminology
Heavy influence from patriarchal society, adaptations of the law applied by the police. Political agendas changing policy, e.g; The current pm releasing prisoners due to overcrowding.
What are Norris’s and Coleman’s 8 subjects of matter aspects of criminology (2000)
- The attempts to describe and analyse the extent, nature and distribution of various crime.
- The analysis of the causes of crime
- The study of the processors of the law enforcement, criminal justice, sentencing and policing
- The study of the formulation of criminal law
- The analysis of policy and practice in punishment
- Attempts to control, reduce and prevent crime
- Investigation of the victims of crime
- Attitudes & reactions to and representations of crime - Public, politicians, prisons.
The triad of criminology (Case er al. 2021)
The three main components - Crime, Criminal and victims are shown as the primary elements of the triad. Each component is further broken down into subcomponents that reflect aspects typically studied in criminology
How is crime approached in the Triad of criminology?
Focuses on understanding the nature of criminal acts, the context in which they occur, and their consequences for the individual and society
How is the Offender/ criminal approached in the Triad of criminology?
Includes studying the characteristics, motivation, and background of an individual who commit crime
How is the victim approached in the Triad of criminology?
Analysing the impact of the crime on victims, factors that may contribute to vulnerability and support systems for victims
What is the purpose of the Triad of criminology?
The Triad approaches helps criminologists to develop a comprehensive understanding of criminal behaviour and its effects on society.
According to Cohen (1988) what is the issue with criminology
Left realism - This approach blames society for crime
Right realism - This perspective blames the individual for the crime
These contrasting views represent different approaches to understanding and addressing crime within the field of criminology, these realist perspectives on crime.
What are some contemporary issues in criminology
- Immigration
- Sexual offending
- Domestic abuse
- Inherent discrimination in criminal justice and society
- Environmental / green issues
- Cyber based crime
- International trafficking of goods, drugs and people
- Policing
