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1. CC 1 > Introduction to CC > Flashcards

Introduction to CC Flashcards

1
Q

a solution with known concentration, used to as reference to determine the concentration of unknown solution. Prepared by dissolving accurately weigh pure substance in a definite volume of solvent.

A

Standard solution-

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2
Q

highly purified chemical (99%) with known concentration and purity that is commercially available. It used as a reference standard.

A

Primary standard (reagent grade)

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3
Q

very high purity, equal or exceeds the specification of American chemical society (ACS). For laboratory use, bottles have AR or ACS initial.

A

Analytical reagent
(reagent grade)

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3
Q

prepared from primary standard and specifically used for a specific analysis and calibration of instrument.

A

Secondary standard-

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4
Q

Nano grade. For high-end laboratory exams such trace element determination, HPLC, immunoassays and molecular technique.

A

Ultra pure

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4
Q

Limits of impurities are not specified. Not recommended for lab examination but may be use in general chemistry and less critical analysis.

A

Chemically pure (laboratory grade)

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5
Q

Not necessarily of sufficient purity use as analytic grades. Used for drug manufacture.

A

National formulary

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6
Q

Not necessarily of sufficient purity use as analytic grades. For industrial use

A

Commercial or technical grade

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6
Q

According to CAP
For examination require maximum of highest purity like special chemistry assays, microbiology and cell or tissue culture.

A

Type I
(reagent grade water)

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7
Q

According to CAP
Preparation of calibrators and standard solution.

A

Type I
(reagent grade water)

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8
Q

According to CAP
For routine examination in chemistry, microbiology, immunology and hematology

A

Type II
(pure water)

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9
Q

According to CAP
Produced by reverse osmosis or distillation.
For qualitative measurement such as parasitology, histology and clinical microscopy.
For washing of glasswares and autoclave.

A

Type III
(instrument-feed water)

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10
Q

According to CSLI
Purification is by combination of distillation, deionization, reverse osmosis and filtration.

A

Clinical laboratory reagent grade (CLRW)

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11
Q

According to CSLI
For routine testing

A

Clinical laboratory reagent grade (CLRW)

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12
Q

According to CSLI
Used in automated machines for rinsing and dilutions.
For water bath

A

Instrument-feed water

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13
Q

According to CSLI
For examination such as DNA/RNA analysis and trace metal metals.

A

Special reagent water (SRW)

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14
Q

Glassware
High resistance to thermal shock and chemical attack. Used for beakers, flask, pipets and test tubes.
Can be heated and autoclave.
Most commonly used.

A

Borosilicate glass
Example: Pyrex and kimax

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15
Q

Example of Borosilicate glass

A

Pyrex and kimax

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16
Q

Stronger than borosilicate. Can resist clouding and scratching.

A

Aluminosilicate glass

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17
Q

Plastic, Widely used for making test tubes, disposable transfer pipet and test tube racks

A

Polyethylene or Polypropylene

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17
Q

Acid, thermal and heat shock resistant used for disposable materials such as pipet tips it is chemically resistant and can be autoclaved.

A

Vycor

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18
Q

Plastic, used in tubes for centrifugation, graduated cylinders and flask.

A

Polycarbonate

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19
Q

Soda-lime glass with oxides of sodium, silicon and calcium. Used for some disposable glassware such as pipet tips.

A

Flint glass

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19
Q

Amber or red color. Used to reduce light exposure such as bilirubin standard.

A

Low actinic

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20
Q

used for transferring liquid, made up of glass or plastics can be reusable or disposable.

A

Pipettes

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21
Q

contains a particular volume but does not dispense the exact volume due to tendency of fluid to cling to glass surfaces.
Also referred as rinse-out pipet

A

To contain pipette

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22
Q

dispense the exact volume indicated.

A

To deliver (TD) pipette

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23
Q

pipette for hemoglobin determination

A

sahli pipette

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24
Q

dispense one volume without further subdivision (self draining )

A

Transfer pipet

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25
Q

Types of transfer pipette

A

Volumetric
Oswald-Folin
Pasteur
Automatic

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26
Q

bulb-like enlargement pipette. Self-draining used to transfer aqueous solution.

A

Volumetric pipets-

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27
Q

bulb closer to the delivery tip. use to transfer biological fluids with greater viscosity than water.

A

Oswald-Folin pipet-

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28
Q

used to transfer biologic fluid or solution without specified volume. No graduated mark.

A

Pasteur pipettes-

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28
Q

with graduation mark at the tip and usually blow out.

A

Serologic pipet

29
Q

most commonly used in Clinical Chemistry

A

Automatic pipette-

29
Q

deliver the amount of liquid contained between two calibration marks.

A

Measuring or Graduated pipet-

29
Q

self draining pipet without graduation marks at the tip. Self-draining pipette.

A

Mohr pipet-

30
Q

Types of Measuring or Graduated pipette

A

Mohr
Serologic
Bacteriologic, Ball, Kolmer or Khan
Micropipette

31
Q

Has 2 close rings mark at the top of the pipette.
Similar with TD pipette.

A

Blow out

32
Q

No markings at the top.
Allows the content to dispense by gravity.

A

Self draining

33
Q

first micropipette and probably the most accurate ever developed

A

Lang-Levy Pipets(TC)

34
Q

most commonly used micropipette

A

Piston-operated Pipets (TD)

35
Q

with disposable tips placed on the end and a piston pulls up a calibrated volume

A

Piston-operated Pipets (TD)

36
Q

example of Piston-operated Pipets (TD)

A

Eppendorf

37
Q

micropipette uses reusable tips

A

Positive displacement Pipets (TD)

38
Q

Types of micropipettes

A

Lang-Levy Pipets(TC)
Piston-operated Pipets (TD)
Positive displacement Pipets (TD)

39
Q

depends on piston to create a suction draw.

A

Air Displacement

40
Q

piston is move within the barrel or tip to create suction.

A

Positive-displacement

41
Q

obtain a liquid from a reservoir and dispense it repeatedly.

A

Dispenser pipette

41
Q

What method of pipette calibration
based on weight of sample
- TD makes use of water(Type I); TC makes use of mercury

A

Gravimetric Method

41
Q

What method of pipette calibration
for micropipets
- use colored compound of known absortivity like 4-nitrophenol

A

Spectrophotometric Method

42
Q

What method of pipette calibration
for micropipets
- use gamma-emitting radioisotopes like Iodine-125

A

Use of Radioisotopes

43
Q

Calibration of pipette

A

Twice yearly

44
Q

Used in the laboratory for monitoring the temp of refrigerator, freezers, water bath, heating blocks and incubator.

A

Thermometer

45
Q

Types of thermometer

A

Total immersion
Partial immersion
Surface immersion

46
Q

Thermometer should be verified for accuracy ?

A

6 or 12 months interval

47
Q

Thermometer used for refrigerators and freezer

A

Total immersion

48
Q

Thermometer used for water baths

A

Partial immersion

49
Q

Thermometer used for incubator and heating oven.

A

Surface immersion

50
Q

Device to accelerate gravitational separation of substances with different densities. Separates solid from liquid suspension.

A

Clinical centrifuge

51
Q

Use to separate liquid phase of different densities like the separation of lipid compounds from plasma or serum.

A

Clinical centrifuge

52
Q

tubes assume a horizontal plane when rotor is in motion and vertical when at rest.
Capable of speed up to 3000 RPM.

A

Horizontal head or Swinging bucket

53
Q

tubes are held at fixed position at angles from 25-40 degrees to the vertical axis of rotation.

A

Angle head rotor type

54
Q

more heat generated so with refrigerated chamber
-Typically use in blood banking for the separation of blood components.
- Used to separate lipoproteins in Clinical Chemistry.

A

Ultracentrifugation

55
Q

Calibration of Centrifuge

A

quarterly

56
Q

designed to reduce potential illness or injuries brought about by toxic chemicals.

A

Material safety data sheet (MSDS)

57
Q

Blue quadrant

A

Health

58
Q

Red Quadrant

A

Flammability

59
Q

Yellow Quadrannt

A

Reactivity/Stability

60
Q

White quadrant

A

Special/Specific information

61
Q

It is used for alerting personnel of the degree of hazard of the chemical and helpful in drawing attention to storage needs and the necessary emergency equipment needed.

A

NFPA(national fire protection association) hazard diamond.

62
Q

Examples of Acids

A

Formic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, glacial acetic acid

63
Q

Examples of Bases

A

NH4OH, KOH, NaOH

64
Q

Examples of Flammables

A

Acetone, alcohol, xylene

65
Q

Examples of Oxidizers

A

Hydrogen peroxide, KCl, acetic acid

66
Q

Examples of water-reactive chemicals

A

Na, K

67
Q

Class A materials and type of extinguiser

A

cloth, paper, wood
liquids

Pressurized water
Dry chemicals

68
Q

Class B materials and type of extinguiser

A

hydrocarbons, flammable liquids

Dry chemicals, Carbon dioxide foam or halon

69
Q

Class D materials and type of extinguiser

A

combustible metal

Leave to professional fire fighter

69
Q

Class C materials and type of extinguiser

A

electrical equipment

Dry chemicals Carbon dioxide or Halon

70
Q

Class K materials and type of extinguiser

A

Grease, oil and fats

Liquid designed to prevent splashing and cool the fire

71
Q

RACE

A

R- rescue the person in danger
A- activate the fire alarm
C- contain the fire
E- extinguish the fire

72
Q

PASS

A

P- pull the pin
A- aim at the base of fire
S- squeeze the handle
S- sweeping (side by side motion)

1. CC 1 (6 decks)

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