CARBOHYDRATES Flashcards
carbohydrates is composed of
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
carbohydrate contans what functional group
C=O
-OH
General Formula of carbohydrate
C6(H12O)6
Carbohydrates is stored in the body in the form of>
glycogen
Chemical Structure
-open chain form
-carbon are vertically conneected by solid lines
C-O and C-H horizontally connected
Fisher projection
Chemical structure
-cyclic form
Hayworth projection
Based on carbon chain size
3 carbon
4 carbon
5 carbon
6 carbon
Trioses
Tetroses
Pentoses
Hexoses
Smallest carbon chain found in the body
Glyceraldehyde
Also known as simple sugar
No further reduction in form
Monosaccharide
Monosaccharide is also known as
simple sugar
What are the 6 Hesoxes of Monosaccharide
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
What are the Pentoses of Monosaccharide
Deoxyribose
Ribose
most common sugar in the body
D-glucose
-OH group on the right
D-glucose
-OH group on the left
L-glucose
Type of D-glucose predominant in starch
a-D-glucose
Type of D-glucose predominant in glycogen and cellulose
B-D-glucose
Consist of 2 monosaccharides joined by glycosidic linkage
Disaccharide
Disaccharide consists of 2 mmonosaccharides joined by??
glycosidic linkage
1st carbon atom of a monosaccharide is linked to 4th carbon of the other mmonosaccharide
1-4 glycosidic linkage
glucose+glucose=
maltose
glucose+galactose=
lactose
glucose+fructose=
sucrosehjy
hydrolize by enzyme lactase present in the intestine
Disaccharides