Introduction to Bones and Joints Flashcards
How many bones are there in an infant human approx?
270
Approximately how many bones are there in an adult human body?
206
How many cranial and facial bones do we have?
22
How many ear bones do we have?
6
How many throat bones do we have?
1
How many shoulder bones do we have?
4
How many chest bones do we have?
25
How many vertebral bones do we have?
26
How many arm and forearm bones do we have?
6
How many hand bones do we have?
54
How many pelvic bones do we have?
2
How many leg bones do we have?
8
How many foot bones do we have?
52
In bones, what is connective tissue providing smooth, low-friction, gliding surfaces for free movement?
Articular Cartilage
In bone, what is the membrane that covers the outer surface of bone?
Periosteum
In bone, what is the thin vascular membrane ofconnective tissue; that lines the inner surface of themedullary cavityof longbones?
Endosteum
Light porous bone, lattice framework spaces filled with marrow and BVs. Found in areas not subject to great mech. stress
Spongy Bone
What is located in main shaft of long bones, central cavity where red and yellow marrow are stored. Walls composed of spongy bone
Medullary Cavity
What produces 60-70% of lymphocytes in human adults?
Red Bone Marrow
What produces all red blood cells and platelets?
Red bone Marrow
What is located in the central cavity of long bones, surrounded by layer of red marrow
Yellow bone marrow
Give an example of a long bone
Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Femur, etc
Give an example of a flat bone
Cranium bones
occipital,
parietal,
frontal,
nasal,
lacrimal,
vomer,
Sternum
Ribs
Scapulae
Pelvic bones
Give an example of a flat bone
7 Tarsals (ankle)
Calcaneus
Talus
Cuboid
Navicular
Medial Cuneiform
Middle Cuneifrom
Lateral Cuneiform
8 Carpals (wrist)
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
Give an example of an irregular bone
Vertebrae
Sacrum
coccyx
Temporal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Zygomatic
maxilla,
mandible
Palatine
inferior nasal concha
hyoid.
Give an example of a sesamoid bone
Patella, Pisiform
How many bones are there within the Appendicular skeleton?
126
How many bones are there within the Axial skeleton? skeleton?
80
What is a joint?
unions or junctions between 2 or more bones or rigid parts
Approximately how many joints are there in the body?
360
Describe a Fibrous Joint
Joints connected by fibrous tissue
Fixed/Immovable
AKA SYNARTHOSES
Describe a Cartilaginous Joint
Joints connected entirely by cartilage
Slightly moveable
AKA AMPHIARTHOSES
Describe a synovial joint
Joint capsule spanning and enclosing an articular cavity filled with synovial fluid
Freely moveable
AKA DIARTHOSES
What is a hinge joint?
A joint that opens and closes in one direction i.e elbow
What type of movement is a pivot joint?
Swivelling motion, c1/c2
What type of movement is generated from a saddle joint?
Back and forth, side to side motion i.e base of thumb
What type of movement is permitted from a ball and socket joint?
Permits movement in all directions ie hip, shoulder
What movement does a condyloid joint allow?
Allows movement but no rotation i.e finers, carpals
What movement is provided from a plane joint?
Limited movement, smooth surfaced where one bone glides over another i.e tarsals
