Introduction to animals

Question 1

what are the characteristics of an animal

Answer 1

• heterotrophic eukaryotes which ingest and digest their food
• cells which lack cell walls
• ability to reproduce sexually
• unique cell junctions
• possess Hox genes

Question 2

what was the traditional divisions of life

Answer 2

1) plants- autotrophic and sessile
2) animals- heterotrophic and mobile

Question 3

what does the 5 kingdom system divide organisms into

Answer 3

• cell structure
• cell number
• mode nutrition

Question 4

what is the difference between protoza and metazoa

Answer 4

prot= unicellualr
meta = multicellular

Question 5

after improvements in technology what were prokaryotes split into forming the 6 kingdom system

Answer 5

1) Eubacteria
2) Archaebacteria

Question 6

what are the cell walls of fungi made from

Answer 6

chitin

Question 7

what are Hox genes

Answer 7

regulatory genes which play a key role in the development of the animal body plan determining basic structure and orientation of an organisms

Question 8

what does Hox stand for

Answer 8

homeobox

Question 9

what is the difference between lower animals and higher, more complex animals

Answer 9

higher animals have several complexes of hox genes compared to lower which only have one or two hox genes in a complex

Question 10

what does shifting of the hox gene cause

Answer 10

controls segment specialisation in the vertebrates

Question 11

what does monophyletic mean

Answer 11

a single ancestral type

Question 12

who published system of nature

Answer 12

Carolus linnaeus in 1758

Question 13

outline the linnaean system

Answer 13

1) binomial = genus and species
2) hierarchical= kingdoms, phyla, orders etc