Introduction to anatomy and physiology Flashcards
What is anatomy?
It is the study and the structure of the shape of the body and its parts; the relationship between the different parts of the body.
What is physiology?
It is the study of how the body works and its parts work or function.
What are the three main planes of the body?
Sagittal plane
Frontal plane
Transverse plane
What is the sagittal plane?
The imaginary line that runs from the top of the head to the bottom of the feet.
Dividing the left side of the body from the right.
What is the frontal plane?
An imaginary line that separates the front of the body from the back of the body.
What is the transverse plane?
The imaginary line that separates the top half of the body from the lower half of the body.
What is anterior position?
Front of the body with palms up and breasts shown.
What is the posterior position?
The back of the body with the back of hands shown.
What is the supine position?
Body facing up, back to the ground and palms touching the ground.
What is the prone position?
The body laying face down and the face touching the ground, palms facing up.
What is the superior part of the body?
The upper part of the body?
What is the inferior part of the body?
Away from the head and towards the lower part of the body.
What does medial mean?
Towards the midline of the body.
What does lateral mean?
Away from the middle of the body.
Inside moving away to the outside.
What does intermediate mean?
The position between two other structures.
What does proxial mean?
The part of the body that is attached to the trunk of the body.
What does distal mean?
The part of the body that is furthest from the trunk of the body.
What does superficial mean?
The position closest to the surface of the body, like the skin is closer to the surface of the body compared to the organs.
What does deep mean?
The position furthest from the surface of the body such as the organs is deep compared to the skin.
What is the genotype of an individual?
The genetic makeup of an individual (full set of genes).
An example is skin colour and eye colour.
What is the phenotype of an individual?
An individuals characteristics resulting from the interaction of the genotype and the environment.
An example is hair colour, weight and height.
