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GEC103 - The Contemporary World > Introduction - reading > Flashcards

Introduction - reading Flashcards

1
Q

what is the title of the book

A

Globalization
A Very Short Introduction

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2
Q

who is the author

A

Manfred B. Steger

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3
Q

globalization is a __ __ that refers to sometimes contradictory social processes

A

contested concept

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4
Q

Saudi-born Al Qaeda leader

A

Osama bin Laden

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5
Q

Osama bin Laden is the leader of what group

A

Al Qaeda

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6
Q

when was Osama bin Laden’s videotaped statement condemning the activities of international infidels been broadcast

A

October 7

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7
Q

estimated time of experts about when the recording was made

A

< 2 weeks before it was broadcast

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8
Q

forces the United States have bombing campaign against

A

Afghanistan
- Taliban
- Al Qaeda

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9
Q

Al Qaeda

A

The Base

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10
Q

must have existed in order for bin Laden’s message to be heard and seen by billions of TV viewers around the world

A

complex chain of global interdependencies

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11
Q

where is the videotape from

A
  • secluded mountains of eastern Afghanistan to
  • capital city of Kabul
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12
Q

where and how was the videotape dropped off

A
  • courier
  • Al-Jazeera local office
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13
Q

Al-Jazeera

A

Qatar-based television company

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14
Q

when was Al-Jazeera launched

A

five years earlier

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15
Q

who placed powerful satellites to orbit

A
  • European rockets
  • American space shuttles
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16
Q

how did the Al-Jazeera’s market share increase

A

dramatic reduction in price and size of satellite dishes

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17
Q

when did the chief executives of Al-Jazeera sign a lucrative cooperation agreement with CNN

A

2001

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18
Q

to whom did the chief executives of Al-Jazeera sign a lucrative cooperation agreement with

A

CNN

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19
Q

who owns CNN

A

AOL-Time-Warner

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20
Q

Al-Jazeera rent equipment to prominent news providers as

A
  • Reuters
  • ABC
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21
Q

Al-Jazeera sell satellite time to

A
  • Associated Press
  • BBC
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22
Q

other American network partner of Al-Jazeera

A

CNBC

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23
Q

made possible the instant broadcast of bin Laden’s speech to a global audience

A
  • globl interdependencies
  • interconnections
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24
Q

process of __ and __ that globalization scholars called hybiridization

A
  • fragmentation
  • cross-fertilization
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25
Q

mixing of different cultural forms and styles facilitated by global economic and cultural exchanges

A

hybridization

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26
Q

what did Osama bin Laden use that shows globalization

A
  1. mottled combat dress
  2. AK-47 Kalashnikov
  3. Timex product
  4. microphone
27
Q

by mid-1990s, how many Kalashnikovs are manufactured in Russia

A

> 70 million

28
Q

old name of Timex Corporation

A

Waterbury Clock Company

29
Q

where was Waterbury Clock Company founded

A
  • 1850s
  • Connecticut’s Naugatuck Valley
30
Q

earliest appearance of the term globalization

A

1960s

31
Q

often repeated truism regarding globalizaiton

A

globalization (process) leads to more globalization (condition)

32
Q

term used to signify a social condition characterized by the existence of global economic, political, cultural, and environmental ineronnections and flow

A

globality

33
Q

new social formation brought about by the successful colonization of our solar system

A

planetarity

34
Q

different social manifestations of globality

A
  1. values of individualism and competition
  2. economic system of private property
  3. embody more communal and cooperative social arrangements
35
Q

what is globalization at its core

A

shifting force of human contact

36
Q

Three important pieces of information ‘globalization is happening’

A
  1. slowly living behind the condition of modernity
  2. moving toward new condition of postmodern globality
  3. we have not yet reached it
37
Q

conceptualization of globlization is an __ __

A

ongoing process

38
Q

one defining characteristic of the process of globalization

A

movement towards greater interdependence and integration

39
Q

why does globalization remain a contested concept

A

there exists no scholarly consensus on what kinds of social processes constitute its essence

40
Q

Four distinct qualities of globalization

A
  1. creation and multiplication
  2. expansion and stretching
  3. intensification and acceleration
  4. creation, expansion, and intesification of social interconnections and interdependencies do not occur merely on an objective, material level
41
Q

globalization creates and multiplies what

A

creates new and multiplies existing social networks and activities that increasingly overcome traditional
- political,
- economic,
- cultural, and
- geographical boundaries

42
Q

“Globalization can thus be defines as the intensification of worlwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occuring many miles away and vise versa.”

A

Anthony Giddens, Director of London School of Economics

43
Q

“Concept of globalization reflects sense of an immese enlargement of world communication, as well as of the horizon of a world market, both of which seem far more tangible and immediate than in earlier stages of modernity.”

A

Fredric Jameson, Professor of Literature at Duke University

44
Q

“Globalization may be thought of as a process (or set or processes) which embodies a transformation in the spatial organization of social relations and transactions - assessed in terms of their extensity, intensity, velocity and impact - generating transcontinental or interregional flows and networks of activity, interaction, and the exercise of power.”

A

David Held, Professor of Political Science at London School of Economics

45
Q

how is globalization assessed in the spatial organization of social relations and transactions

A
  • extensity
  • intensity
  • velocity
  • impact
46
Q

“Globalization as a concept refers to both the compression of the world and the intensification of consciousness of the world as a whole.”

A

Roland Robertson, Professor of Sociology at University of Pittsburgh

47
Q

“Globalization compressses the time and space aspecs of social relations.”

A

James Mittelman, Professor of International Relations at American University

48
Q

Globalization expans and stretch what?

A
  • social relations
  • activities
  • interdependencies
49
Q

when did Osama bin Laden’s organization rapidly expand

A

late 1990s

50
Q

example of groups that expanded across the globe due to globalization

A
  1. non-governmental organizations
  2. commercial enterprises
  3. social clubs
  4. countless regional and global institutions and associations
51
Q

globalization intensifies and accelerates what

A

social exchanges and activities

52
Q

relays distant information in mere seconds

A

internet

53
Q

provide consumers with real-time pictures of remote events

A

satellites

54
Q

pointed out that the current rise of the global network society would not have been possible without a technological revolution

A

Manuel Castells, Spanish sociologist

55
Q

globalization’s creation, expansion, and intensification of social interconnectons and interdependencies do not occur merely on an __ __ __

A

objective, material level

56
Q

what did Roland Robertson note in his definition of globalization processes

A

involve the subjective plane of human consciousness

57
Q

What is globalization according to Manfred B. Steger

A

“Globalization refers to a multidimensional set of social processes that create, multiply, stretch, and intensify worldwide social interdependencies and exchanges while at the same time fostering in people a growing awareness of deepening connections between the local and the distant.”

58
Q

what does it mean when they say globalization is an uneven process

A

people living in various parts of the world are affected very differently by this gigantic transformation of social structures and cultural zones

59
Q

what do scholars disagree about globalization

A
  • scale
  • causation
  • chronology
  • impact
  • trajectories
  • policy outcomes
60
Q

question over the scale of globalization

A

whether it is singular or differentiated terms

61
Q

helps to illustrate the nature of the academic controversy over the various dimensions of globalization

A

ancient Buddhist parable of blind scholars and encounter with elephant

62
Q

aspects of globalization

A
  • economic
  • political
  • cultural
  • ideological
  • environmental processes
  • military
63
Q

notion that globalization may be a __ __ and __ __

A
  • geographically limited
  • uneven process
64
Q

the global south do not enjoy equal access to thickening global networks and infrastructures

A

globalization is associated with inequality

GEC103 - The Contemporary World (12 decks)

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