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GEC103 - The Contemporary World > Introduction - ppt > Flashcards

Introduction - ppt Flashcards

1
Q

refers to a multidimensional set of social processes that are thought to transform our present social condition into one of globality

A

Globalization (Steger, 2003)

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2
Q

Four concepts of globalization

A
  1. set of social processes
  2. transformation
  3. globality
  4. present condition
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3
Q

signify a social condition characterized by the existence of global economic, political, cultural, and environmental interconnections and flows that make many of the currently existing borders and boundaries irrelevant

A

globality

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4
Q

new social formation brought about by the successful colonization of our system

A

planetarity

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5
Q

the __ and __ of social relations and consciousness across world-time and across world-space

A
  • expansion
  • intensification
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6
Q

refers to both creation of new social networks and multiplication of existing connections that cut across traditional political, economic, cultural, and geographical boundaries

A

expansion

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7
Q

refers to the expansion, stretching, and acceleration of these networks

A

intensification

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8
Q

Essential Qualities of Globalization

A
  1. creation and multiplication
  2. expansion and stretching
  3. intensification and acceleration
  4. creation, expansion, and intensification of social interconnections and interdependencies do not occur merely on an objective, material level
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9
Q

creation and multiplication

A

creation of new and multiplication of existing social networks and activities that increasingly overcome traditional political, economic, cultural, and geographical boundaries

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10
Q

expansion and stretching

A

expansion and the stretching of social relations, activities, and interdependencies

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11
Q

intensification and acceleration

A

intensification and acceleration of social exchanges and activities

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12
Q

other definition of globalization

A
  1. intensification
  2. immense enlargement of world communication and world market
  3. compression of the world and intensification of consciousness
  4. compresses time and space aspects of social relations
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13
Q

globalization by Anthony Giddens

A

intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occuring many miles away and vice-versa

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13
Q

globalization by Fredric Jameson

A

immense enlargement of world communication, as well as of the horizon of a world market, both of which seem far more tangible and immediate than in earlier stages of modernity

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14
Q

globalization by Roland Robertson

A

refers both to the compression of the world and the intensification of consciousness of the world as a whole

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15
Q

globalization by James Mittelman

A

it compresses the time and space aspects of social relations

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16
Q

globalization by David Held

A

process which embodies a transformation in the spatial organization or social relations and transactions - assesses in terms of their extensity, intensity, velocity, and impact - generating transcontinental or interregional flows and network of activity, interactions, and the exercise of power

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17
Q

“globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology”

A

Carnegie Endowment cited by Boudreaux, 2008

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18
Q

Four possible causes/effects (di ko sure ambot walay label) of globalization

A
  1. interaction
  2. integration
  3. international trade
  4. technology
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19
Q
  • the act or process of uniting different things
  • implies the adoption of policies by separate countries as if they were a single political unit
A

integration

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20
Q

Integration in what?

A
  1. politics
  2. economy
  3. culture
  4. military
  5. entertainment
  6. sports
21
Q
  • mutual or reciprocal action or influence
  • individuals, states, organizations companies and other actors in international community establish relationships and networks and continue to influence each other
A

interaction

22
Q

exchange of goods and services across international borders or territories

A

international trade

23
Q

application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, whether in industry or everyday lives

A

technology

24
Q
  • when a nation or individual concentrates its productive efforts on producing a limited variety of goods
  • it oftentimes has to forgo producing other goods and relies on obtaining those other goods through trade
A

specialization

25
Q
  • voluntarily arrangement in which two or more entities engage in a mutually beneficial exchange intead of competing
  • can happen where resources adequate for both parties exist or are created by their interaction
A

cooperation

26
Q

rivalry in which every seller tries to get what other sellers are seeking at the same time: sales, profit, and market share by offering the best practicable combination of price, quality, and service

A

competition

27
Q

in competition, what are sellers seeking at the same time

A
  • sales
  • profit
  • market share
28
Q

Five Scapes of Globalization (Arjun Appadurai)

A
  1. ethnoscapes
  2. technoscapes
  3. ideoscapes
  4. financescapes
  5. mediascapes
29
Q

who made the five scapes of globalization

A

Arjun Appadurai

30
Q

refers to the flow of people across boundaries

A

ethnoscape

31
Q

refers to flows of energy

A

technoscape

32
Q

refers to the flow of ideas

A

ideoscape

33
Q

refers to the flow of money across political borders

A

financescapes

34
Q

refers to the flow of culture

A

mediascapes

35
Q

theories of globalization

A
  1. space, place and globalization
  2. transnationality and transnationalism
  3. global culture
36
Q

theories of space, place and globalization

A
  1. time-space distanciation
  2. time-space compression
37
Q
  • the intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occuring many miles away and ‘vice versa’
  • social relations are ‘lifted out’ from lcoal contexts of interaction and restructures across time and space
A

time-space distanciation

38
Q

process whereby time is reorganized in such a way as to reduce the constraints of space, and vice-versa

A

time-space compression

39
Q

theories of transnationality and transnationalism

A
  1. transnationality
  2. transnationalism
  3. transnational processes and practices
40
Q

refers to the rise of new communities and the formation of new social identities and relations that cannot be defined through the traditional reference point of nation-states

A

transnationality

41
Q
  • encompassing a wide variety of tranformative processes, practices and developments that take place simultaneously at a local and global level
  • activities of immigrants to forge and sustain multistranded social relations that link their socieities of origin and settlement as a single unified field of social action
A

transnationalism

42
Q

multiple ties and interactions - economic, political, social, cultural - that link people communities and institutions across the borders of nation-states

A

transnational processes and practices

43
Q

what are the multiple ties and interactions

A
  • economic
  • political
  • social
  • cultural
44
Q

theories of global culture

A
  1. global consciousness
  2. homogenization theories
  3. heterogeneity approaches
  4. hybridization
  5. McDonaldization
  6. globalization of nothing
45
Q

awareness of the world as a single place

A

global consciousness

46
Q

see a global cultural convergence and would tend to highlight the rise of world beat, world cuisines, world tourism, uniform consumption patterns and cosmopolitanism

A

homogenization theories

47
Q

see continued cultural difference and highlight local cultural autonomy, cultural resistance to homogenization, cultural clashes and polarization, and distinct subjective experiences of globalization

A

heterogeneity approaches

48
Q

stresses new and constantly evolving cultural forms and identities produced by manifold transnational processes and the fusion of distinct cultural processes

A

hybridization

49
Q

sociocultural processes by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant came to dominate more and more sectors of US and later world society

A

McDonaldization

50
Q

culturally meaningful institutions, sites, and practices locally controlled and rich in idigenous content - ‘something’ - are being replaced by (corporate driven) uniform social forms devoid of distinctive substance - ‘nothing’

A

globalization of nothing

GEC103 - The Contemporary World (12 decks)

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