Introduction pt 2

Question 1

what is osteokinematics

Answer 1

refers to the movements of bone rather than movement of articular surfaces

what happens to the skeleton when our bones move

Question 2

definition of osteokinematics

Answer 2

bone motion

Question 3

what is normal ROM of a joint called

Answer 3

anatomic or physiologic ROM

Question 4

mechanical axis

Answer 4

is the axis through the bone which is PERPENDICULAR to the center of the articular surface, with the joint in mid-position

perpendicular to the center of the articular surface

every joint has its own mechanical axis

Question 5

when is ROM considered pathologic

Answer 5

exceeds or fails to reach the normal limits of motion

hypomobile

hypermobile

Question 6

hypomobile

Answer 6

doesn’t have enough ROM

Question 7

hypermobile

Answer 7

has more ROM that normal

Question 8

what will cause a shift in the mechanical axis

Answer 8

joint movement

Question 9

what is insufficient to describe many movement combos

Answer 9

a description of one mechanical axis

Question 10

description of motion

Answer 10

spin

swing

Question 11

spin (osteo)

Answer 11

pure rotation around the mechanical axis

Question 12

types of spin

Answer 12

pure spin

conjunct rotation

Question 13

pure spin

Answer 13

the motion is all spin with NO OTHER MOTIONS

ex: head of the radius on the capitulum

Question 14

conjunct rotation

Answer 14

spin which requires some spin

primarily spin with secondary swing

usually occurs at the end of ROM

ex: flexion of shoulder requires some internal rotation at the end ROM

Question 15

swing

Answer 15

is all other bone motion, never around the mechanical axis

anything but spin

Question 16

types of swing

Answer 16

pure swing

impure swing

Question 17

pure swing

Answer 17

is all swing, no spin

not around the mechanical axis

ex: wrist flexion

Question 18

impure swing

Answer 18

is swing with spin

mostly swing with a touch of spin

ex: knee extension, at the end of ROM, you have ER of the tibia for the screw home mechanism, this is a spin motion

Question 19

arthrokinematics

Answer 19

refers to the movements of joint surfaces

usually one surface is stable or fixed while the other segment moves on the fixed segments

Question 20

2 parts of the joint

Answer 20

stable/fixed part

moving part

Question 21

definition of arthrokinematics

Answer 21

described the type of motion that the moving part performs

type of motion depends on the shape of the articulating surfaces

Question 22

how is arthrokinematics clinically significant

Answer 22

helps in joint assessment and treatment

Question 23

descriptors of arthrokinematics

Answer 23

spin

slide/glide

roll/rocking

Question 24

spin (arthrokinematics)

Answer 24

rotation w/in a small area

pure rotary motion

1 surface rotating on the adjacent surface

Question 25

slide/glide

Answer 25

pure translatory motion refers to the gliding of one component over another

Question 26

roll/rocking

Answer 26

the rolling of one joint surface on another equi-distant points on 1 joint surface contact equi-distant points on the other surface

Question 27

what will occur at every joint motion

Answer 27

a combination of all the descriptors of arthrokinematics sometimes at the same time and to different degrees

Question 28

what is needed in order to have physiologic ROM

Answer 28

must be able to have normal arthrokinematics movements/motion

Question 29

what does the type of direction of movement depend on

Answer 29

the shape of the articulating surfaces

Question 30

convex/concave rules

Answer 30

convex moving on concave concave moving on convex

Question 31

convex moving on concave

Answer 31

the bone motion and the roll happen in the same direction glide is in the opposite direction important to ensure that there is enough articular surface to achieve full ROM

Question 32

concave moving on convex

Answer 32

the bone motion, roll and glide are in the same direction

Question 33

the distal segments are considered to be _______ and the proximal segments are ______

Answer 33

moving, stable unless otherwise noted

Question 34

why is gliding essential for joint motion

Answer 34

combo of these motions produces a moving axis of motion in many joints, the opposing surfaces are unequal in side, and the moving bone may be larger than the fixed component gliding increases ROM at the joint and keeps the joint surfaces in contact w/ each other

Question 35

closed packed position

Answer 35

is usually at the extreme end of ROM (not always) close-fitting or full congruence of the surfaces

Question 36

criteria for closed-packed position

Answer 36

the surfaces have to be maximally congruent the area of contact must be maximal the joint surfaces are compressed and joint poses its greatest stability the capsule and ligament are maximally taut no further motion is possible ***need all 5***

Question 37

loose packed position

Answer 37

the articular surfaces are relatively free to move in relation to one another ligaments and capsule are relatively slack considered any other position than the closed packed position good position to evaluate the joint surfaces are not congruent

Question 38

why is the loose packed position a good position to evaluate the joint

Answer 38

all ligaments and capsules are slack allows movement

Question 39

do all joint have close and loose packed positions?

Answer 39

yes all joints have their own close-packed position

Question 40

accessory movements

Answer 40

are necessary for physiologic movement they are not under voluntary control

Question 41

what are accessory movements

Answer 41

joint play motion component motion

Question 42

joint play motion

Answer 42

the motion that is available at a joint but only happens when outside forces are applied best assed in the loose-packed position

Question 43

component motion

Answer 43

refers to the roll and glide necessary for full actic ROM

Question 44

what must you have in order to have physiologic motion

Answer 44

normal arthrokinematics

Question 45

what is the basic assessment of joint integrity

Answer 45

application of arthrokinematics principles is basic to the assessment of the integrity of join structures and use of joint mobilization techniques