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Kinesiology Exam 1 > Introduction pt 2 > Flashcards

Introduction pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is osteokinematics

A

refers to the movements of bone rather than movement of articular surfaces

what happens to the skeleton when our bones move

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2
Q

definition of osteokinematics

A

bone motion

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3
Q

what is normal ROM of a joint called

A

anatomic or physiologic ROM

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4
Q

mechanical axis

A

is the axis through the bone which is PERPENDICULAR to the center of the articular surface, with the joint in mid-position

perpendicular to the center of the articular surface

every joint has its own mechanical axis

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5
Q

when is ROM considered pathologic

A

exceeds or fails to reach the normal limits of motion

hypomobile

hypermobile

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6
Q

hypomobile

A

doesn’t have enough ROM

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7
Q

hypermobile

A

has more ROM that normal

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8
Q

what will cause a shift in the mechanical axis

A

joint movement

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9
Q

what is insufficient to describe many movement combos

A

a description of one mechanical axis

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10
Q

description of motion

A

spin

swing

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11
Q

spin (osteo)

A

pure rotation around the mechanical axis

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12
Q

types of spin

A

pure spin

conjunct rotation

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13
Q

pure spin

A

the motion is all spin with NO OTHER MOTIONS

ex: head of the radius on the capitulum

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14
Q

conjunct rotation

A

spin which requires some spin

primarily spin with secondary swing

usually occurs at the end of ROM

ex: flexion of shoulder requires some internal rotation at the end ROM

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15
Q

swing

A

is all other bone motion, never around the mechanical axis

anything but spin

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16
Q

types of swing

A

pure swing

impure swing

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17
Q

pure swing

A

is all swing, no spin

not around the mechanical axis

ex: wrist flexion

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18
Q

impure swing

A

is swing with spin

mostly swing with a touch of spin

ex: knee extension, at the end of ROM, you have ER of the tibia for the screw home mechanism, this is a spin motion

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19
Q

arthrokinematics

A

refers to the movements of joint surfaces

usually one surface is stable or fixed while the other segment moves on the fixed segments

20
Q

2 parts of the joint

A

stable/fixed part

moving part

21
Q

definition of arthrokinematics

A

described the type of motion that the moving part performs

type of motion depends on the shape of the articulating surfaces

22
Q

how is arthrokinematics clinically significant

A

helps in joint assessment and treatment

23
Q

descriptors of arthrokinematics

A

spin

slide/glide

roll/rocking

24
Q

spin (arthrokinematics)

A

rotation w/in a small area

pure rotary motion

1 surface rotating on the adjacent surface

25
Q

slide/glide

A

pure translatory motion

refers to the gliding of one component over another

26
Q

roll/rocking

A

the rolling of one joint surface on another

equi-distant points on 1 joint surface contact equi-distant points on the other surface

27
Q

what will occur at every joint motion

A

a combination of all the descriptors of arthrokinematics

sometimes at the same time and to different degrees

28
Q

what is needed in order to have physiologic ROM

A

must be able to have normal arthrokinematics movements/motion

29
Q

what does the type of direction of movement depend on

A

the shape of the articulating surfaces

30
Q

convex/concave rules

A

convex moving on concave

concave moving on convex

31
Q

convex moving on concave

A

the bone motion and the roll happen in the same direction

glide is in the opposite direction

important to ensure that there is enough articular surface to achieve full ROM

32
Q

concave moving on convex

A

the bone motion, roll and glide are in the same direction

33
Q

the distal segments are considered to be _______ and the proximal segments are ______

A

moving, stable

unless otherwise noted

34
Q

why is gliding essential for joint motion

A

combo of these motions produces a moving axis of motion

in many joints, the opposing surfaces are unequal in side, and the moving bone may be larger than the fixed component

gliding increases ROM at the joint and keeps the joint surfaces in contact w/ each other

35
Q

closed packed position

A

is usually at the extreme end of ROM (not always)

close-fitting or full congruence of the surfaces

36
Q

criteria for closed-packed position

A

the surfaces have to be maximally congruent

the area of contact must be maximal

the joint surfaces are compressed and joint poses its greatest stability

the capsule and ligament are maximally taut

no further motion is possible

need all 5

37
Q

loose packed position

A

the articular surfaces are relatively free to move in relation to one another

ligaments and capsule are relatively slack

considered any other position than the closed packed position

good position to evaluate the joint

surfaces are not congruent

38
Q

why is the loose packed position a good position to evaluate the joint

A

all ligaments and capsules are slack

allows movement

39
Q

do all joint have close and loose packed positions?

A

yes

all joints have their own close-packed position

40
Q

accessory movements

A

are necessary for physiologic movement

they are not under voluntary control

41
Q

what are accessory movements

A

joint play motion

component motion

42
Q

joint play motion

A

the motion that is available at a joint but only happens when outside forces are applied

best assed in the loose-packed position

43
Q

component motion

A

refers to the roll and glide

necessary for full actic ROM

44
Q

what must you have in order to have physiologic motion

A

normal arthrokinematics

45
Q

what is the basic assessment of joint integrity

A

application of arthrokinematics principles is basic to the assessment of the integrity of join structures and use of joint mobilization techniques

Kinesiology Exam 1 (9 decks)

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