introduction mid term

Question 1

kinematics

Answer 1

it examines movements without considering it causes and effects

Question 2

parameters of kinematics

Answer 2

location
time
speed
displacement
acceleration
path

Question 3

measure of change of body speed and it is the most important mechanical factor of musculoskeletal system injuries

Answer 3

acceleration

Question 4

kinetics

Answer 4

examines motions by considering forces that cause it and the forces that arise from that movement

Question 5

kinetic parameters

Answer 5

force
mass
moment
moment of inertia

Question 6

body planes

Answer 6

sagittal
frontal [coronal]
horizontal

Question 7

what happen in sagittal plane and mediolateral axis

Answer 7

pelvic tilt
knee, hip and ankle extension and flexion angles

Question 8

coronal or frontal plane movements under A P AXIS

Answer 8

pelvic oblisite
hip add and abd
knee valgus and varus angles

Question 9

transverse plane movements under longitudinal axis

Answer 9

hip knee pelvic and ankles rotation angles

Question 10

body axes

Answer 10

anteroposterior
mediolateral
longitudinal

Question 11

protraction

Answer 11

abduction of shoulders forward so that it is waya from spine

Question 12

retraction

Answer 12

shoulder adduction

Question 13

radial deviation or flexion

Answer 13

abduction of wrist and palm

Question 14

ulnar deviation

Answer 14

adduction of palm and wrist

Question 15

palmar flexion

Answer 15

bending wrist while exposing arm

Question 16

movement to rotate the ankle outward

Answer 16

eversion/pronation

Question 17

center of gravity

Answer 17

a point assumed to be evenly distributed around all particles that make up an object
it is Infront of 2nd sacral vertebra in standing
it changes with position and movements

Question 18

line of gravity

Answer 18

a line passing through the center of gravity and direct towards center of earth

Question 19

where does line of gravity passes

Answer 19

from =vertex
= mastoid over protrusion
= the front shoulder
= inside hip joint
= in front of center if knee joint
= in front of ankle joint
= cut the spine from C4 L3 S2

Question 20

a point where object touches the ground and the area between the points

Answer 20

support base

Question 21

stability

Answer 21

ability to maintain state of equilibrium

Question 22

factors increase stability

Answer 22

expansion of support base
COG closer to ground
cutting LOG
holding objects closer to your body

Question 23

factors affecting stability

Answer 23

narrow support base
high COG
Large masses

Question 24

forces systems

Answer 24

contiguous systems
coplanar systems
peer-set systems

Question 25

codirectional force systems

Answer 25

all forces act in the same direction
traction and compression

Question 26

coplanar forces system

Answer 26

on the same plane but not on the same line
if in parallel causing rotation example

Question 27

simultaneous force system

Answer 27

forces are concentrated in the same spot

Question 28

leverage systems and examples in human body

Answer 28

1st nodding head
neck is fulcrum
head weight is the load
sternocleidomastoid
2nd
3rd eg when the player is kicking the ball
where football is the load
quadriceps as force
straight knee as fulcrum

Question 29

newtons law of motion

Answer 29

law of inertia
law of acceleration
law of action reaction

Question 30

law of inertia

Answer 30

an object won’t change it motion unless force acting on it eg passengers moving forward when the bus suddenly stops

Question 31

law of acceleration

Answer 31

the net force of an object is equal to product of mass and its acceleration eg when walking people with law masses tend to walk faster

Question 32

law of action reaction

Answer 32

for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction eg pushing each other in ice-skating