Introduction Into Microbiology Part 2 Flashcards
What is microbiology
The study of organism too small to see ( microscope )
What are microorganisms (5)
Bacteria, viruses, fungi, Protozoa, algae,
What is a cell
Basics unit of life
What is unicellular
One cell
What are viruses
Non cellular entities
Why study microorganisms
To understand pathogens/beneficial
Micrograms are
Beneficial, crucial, harmful, ubiquitous (everywhere)
What is a genus
Consortia of species that differ but are from the same ancestor
How to write genus?
Capitalized and italicized
What is species
A group of cells with similar characteristics
What is binomial nomenclature
Genus vs species
How to write species
Italized
What is a strain
A group of cells derived from a single cell
What are the microorganism ( main groups )
Prokaryotes & eukaryotes
What are prokaryotes
Organism without nuclear membrane surrounding genetic information
What are eukaryotes
Organism with nuclear membrane surrounding genetic information
What are bacteria
Prokaryotes, single cell, peptidoglycan cell wall, binary fission
What are the 3 main shapes of bacteria
Cocci ( circular ), bacilli (rods), sprilla ( spaghetti )
How does bacteria get energy
Organic, in organic chemicals and photosynthesis
What is archaea
Prokaryotic, lack of peptidoglycan, live in extreme environments ( instead have a polysaccharide wall)
What doesn’t archaea have
Peptidoglycan wall
What are methanogens
Archaea, produce methane gas
What are halophiles
Archaea, require very high salt concentrations
What are hyperthermophiles
Archaea, require very high salt concentrations
What are fungi
Eukaryotes, mold- multicellular, yeast unicellular
How do fungi get energy?
Through organic chemicals
What are mold? Uni Or multicellular
Multicellular & fungi
What are yeast? Uni or multicellular
Unicellular & fungi
What are Protozoa
Eukaryotes, unicellular, and moved by cilia or flagella, organic chemicals
What does Protozoa absorb or ingest ?
Organic chemicals
What are algae
Eukaryotes, cellulose cell wall, produce organic compounds
What does algae produce?
Organic compounds
How does algae get energy?
Photosynthesis
What are viruses
Unique, acellular particulars, only one dna or rna, not both, can’t live without host
What is bacteriophage ?
Virus that infects bacterial cells
What is spontaneous generation
Non living matter could grow living organisms
What is vital force
Oxygen is needed to grow living things , vital force is oxygen
What is Biogenesis
Debunks spontaneous generation, you need oxygen to grow living things
