Introduction/Genetics

Question 1

3 categories of review groups that inspect the blood bank

Answer 1

• Peer review
• State review
• Federal review

Question 2

Give 3 examples of a peer review group

Answer 2

• American Association of Blood Banks (AABB)
• College of American Pathologists (CAP)
• Joint Commission of Healthcare Operations (JCAHO)

Question 3

Give an example of a state review group

Answer 3

• Indiana State Department of Health

Question 4

Give an example of a federal review group

Answer 4

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Question 5

Discuss, in general terms, the manner in which an individual acquires their blodo group genes according to Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance

Answer 5

• Each parent contributes half of the inheritance
• Individual traits are inherited independently of each other

Question 6

Pattern of inheritance most blood group systems follow

Answer 6

Codominance

Question 7

Hardy-Weinberg formula

Answer 7

p² + 2pq + q²

Question 8

4 inheritance patterns

Answer 8

• Autosomal dominant/codominant
• Autosomal recessive
• X-linked dominant
• X-linked recessive

Question 9

Offspring possesses a trait that neither the mom or alleged dad possess

Answer 9

Direct exclusion

Question 10

Offspring does not possess a gene that should have been inherited

Answer 10

Indirect exclusion

Question 11

Pair of identical alleles

Answer 11

Homozygous

Question 12

Different alleles at a given gene locus

Answer 12

Heterzygous

Question 13

Observation of detectable traits; outward expression of genes

Answer 13

Phenotype

Question 14

Individual’s genetic makeup

Answer 14

Genotype

Question 15

Ag characteristic of RBC membrane found commonly among individuals, usually more than 98% of the population

Answer 15

Public Ag

Question 16

Antigenic characteristic of the RBC membrane that is unique to an individual or a related family of individuals and therefore is not commonly found on all cells (unusually less than 1% of the population)

Answer 16

Private Ag

Question 17

Trait seen anytime gene is present, regardless of zygosity of gene; DD, Dd

Answer 17

Dominant

Question 18

Trait seen only when gene is present in homozygous state; dd

Answer 18

Recessive

Question 19

Equal expression of two inherited genes; most blood groups are expressed in this way

• Child w/ AB blood

Answer 19

Codominant

Question 20

Genes located on same c’some (CDe/Cde)

Answer 20

Cis position

Question 21

Genes located on homologous c’some (Cde/cDe)

Answer 21

Trans position

Question 22

One of two or more different genes that may occupy a specific locus on a c’some

Answer 22

Allele

Question 23

Gene that doesn’t appear to produce a detectable Ag; a silent gene

Answer 23

Amorphic

Question 24

Allelic “partner”

Answer 24

Antithetical

Question 25

Any c'some other than the sex (X and Y) c'somes

Answer 25

Autosome

Question 26

Group of Ags on RBC membrane that share releated serologic properties and genetic patterns of inheritance

Answer 26

Blood group system

Question 27

Gene carrying structure

Answer 27

Chromosome

Question 28

When genes NOT closely linked exchange genetic information; genes closely linked aren't affected

Answer 28

Crossing over

Question 29

Phenomenon whereby an Ab reacts more strongly w/ a RBC carrying a double dose (homozygous inheritance of appropriate gene) than w/ RBC carrying a single dose (heterozygous inheritance) of an Ag

Answer 29

Dosage effect

Question 30

Segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein; basic unit of inheritance of any trait

Answer 30

Gene

Question 31

Specific location of c'some that a gene resides; may be occupied by one of several alternative forms of the gene

Answer 31

Gene locus

Question 32

When gene C is trans to D, get a weakened expression of D Ag

Answer 32

Gene interaction - modification/suppression

Question 33

Genetically determined characteristic or condition

Answer 33

Trait

Question 34

Pattern of inheritance resulting from genes located on X c'some

Answer 34

X-linked

Question 35

When two genes, located closely on same c'some, do not assort independently

Answer 35

Linked genes