Compatibility Testing Flashcards
Primary purpose of compatibility testing
To ensure the best possible results of a blood transfusion
Theory of compatibility testing
To test patient’s serum (Abs) w/ donor cells (Ags) and look for compatibility (no agglutination)
List 6 steps to assure safe transfusion
- Identification of patient
- Review of past blood bank records
- Testing of donor and patient samples
- Selection of donor units
- XM
- Re-identification of patient prior to transfusion
Most important step in transfusion process
Patient identification
- Misidentification is #1 cause of fatal transfusion reactions
Acceptable anticoagulants
- Plain clot tube (red top)– - EDTA tube
Labeling requirements
- 2 patient identifiers (Name, MRN, DOB, SSN)
- Date of collection (time not mandatory)
- 2 phlebotomists’ initials or ID #s
Importance of reviewing patient’s blood bank history
- Look for past blood type (must match current blood type)
- Look at transfusion history (if never had a transfusion, likely no Abs → Ab scrn =)
- Look at Ab history (must honor clinically significant Ab)
- Look at transfusion reaction history
- Look to see if any special requirements are needed
Required donor testing by hospital blood banks before blood can be entered into inventory
Must perform ABO/Rh recheck on donor units (RBCs only) when first bringing them into inventory
- ABO recheck on all units
- Rh recheck on Rh= units only
- If error in retype, send unit back to blood center
3 routine patient tests performed for compatibility testing
- ABO/Rh type
- Ab screen and ABID if necessary
- XM w/ donor
How long can a sample be used for testing?
3 days from date of collection
How long can samples be kept in blood bank?
7 days from date of transfusion
What temperature are samples stored at?
1-6C
Type-specific
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Type-compatible
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Major XM
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