Introduction (Basics) Flashcards
Protons
Postively charged particle found in nucleus
Neutrons
Neutrally Charged particle found in nucleus
What are Major elements and 4 examples?
Large amounts are found in the body eg Hydrogen, Carbon, Oxygen and Nitrogen
What are Minor elements ?
Elements that are less common in the body but still exist
Bonds
2 or more atoms stuck together forming a complex structure
Covalent Bonds
Atoms share electrons to form electron pairs between atoms
Ionic bonds
Formed between two or more atoms buy giving/taking electrons
Ion (Cations)
Positively charged atoms (loses electrons) eg H+
Ion (anion)
Negatively charged atoms (gains electrons) eg Cl-
Anabolic Chemical Reaction
Bonds are being formed between atoms
Catabolic Chemical Reaction
Bonds are breaking between atoms
Rearrangement Chemical reaction
No atoms are created or destroyed
What influences chemical reaction rate?
Temperature, surface area, catalysts, speed
What is the point of homeostasis ?
The maintenance of internal body conditions
What is the set point in homeostasis ?
The range of values where they should be within for optimal performance
What’s a stimulus
What can trigger a range in variables
What are some things that need to be within a set point range ?
Heart rate, body temperature, glucose and blood pressure
Negative feedback loop
The effector works to immediately restore the variable to its set point range
Positive feedback loop
The effector works to push a variable further outside of its range this allows the body to facility some very specific actions before resetting the variable to its set point range
Frontal Plane
Anterior and posterior
Transverse Plane
Superior and inferior
Sagittal/Lateral Plane
Left and right side
Matter referred to anything that
Occupies space and has a mass
ATP
Energy that drives chemical activity
Lipids
Water insoluble organic compounds that provide a main source of energy for body cells to make ATP
What’s the control centres job in homeostasis
Compares the actual value of variable to its set point range of values
What’s the effectors role in homeostasis
To initiate activities that change the variable and bring it back to its set point range
