Introduction and Definitions Flashcards
What is periodization
the process or study of a period of history in a specific time frame containing common characteristics
Describe the Scientific Revolution
1500-1700 new approach to understand nature mathematization of nature natural laws experimental philosophy instrumentation new sciences a change from philosophy to physical
Describe the Industrial Revolution
late 18th century to mid 19th century
introduction of new sources of power
major shift from agriculture and trade to the mechanization of production
elaboration of the factory system
development of global market system to support industrial production
iron, coal steam
First view of science
a pattern of behavior by which humans gain control over the environment
science is associated with craft tradition and technology
ex. prehistoric people are regarded as founders of science because they learned how to melt metals or develop agriculture
Second view of science
body of theoretical knowledge, and a systematic way to discover natural laws
distinguishes between science and technology
ex. technology of car making should be distinguished from thermodynamics. combustion, mechanics
What two human purposes does science serve?
to know and to do
What is applied science?
use of pure science for some practical human purpose
What is not uncommon between the discovery of a theory and its application to practice?
a time lag
What are the three pursuits
Pure science - basic/fundamental laws
Applied science - application of existing scientific knowledge to practical applications
modus operandi - the solution of the problems presented by the task of getting from theory to practice
The historical term for technology
its begins as the attempt to satisfy a practical need without the use of science, like cheesemaking or using water differently based on availability
