Early Sources of Power Flashcards
What separates prehistory from history
the invention of writing around 3000BC
How to survey the history of technology
look at general social conditions dominant materials and power sources application to food production manufacturing building construction transport and communications military technology medical technology sociocultural consequences of technological change
Three requirements for social involvement in technological innovation
Social need
Social resources
Sympathetic social ethos
What needed to be measured for science and technology to relate
land, weight, and time
What describes the metal age
the discovery of alloying
Where did sailing develop
Egypt from triangle shape to rectangular
What factor lead to the irrigation system
need for a high degree of social control (need for government)
justice in the distribution of precious water
making calls and aqueducts
What did Persia develop in the first millennium BC
qanats for extracting groundwater
What happened during the Urban Revolution
3000-500 BC
the invention of the city (need administration)
better agricultural skills lead to population growth
larger populations lead to the need for more products
need for more products lead to more specialized craftsmen and manufacturing
Describe manufacturing
concentrated on pottery, wines, oils, and cosmetics
trade with neighboring societies
development of different presses for wine/oil
military technology brought the developement of metal plates for armor
When was the potter’s wheel invented and how was this impactful
6000 to 4000 BC
allowed storage and served as an art form
What were early sources of mechanical power
water and wind
What mechanical devices were related to the lever
the wedge, screw, compound pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, springs came later
Who invented the Watermill and at what time
Vitruvius (80-15BC)
When was the vertical windmill invented in
1100’s
