Introduction Flashcards
Pathophysiology
study of the disruption of normal bodily function (homeostasis) due to disease or the physiology of abnormal function
Pathology
study of structural or morphological abnormalities which are expressed as diseases of cells, tissues, organs, and whole systems
Disease
impairment of cells, tissues, organs or body system functions
the result of altered functions of the body and poses a challenge to body homeostasis
aka illness, being sick
Homeostasis
dynamic steady state marked by appropriate regulatory responses by the body
health
Etiology
the cause of a disease or disorder
Idiopathic Disease
unidentifiable cause
Iatrogenic
result of medical treatment
Congenital
disorder occurring during fetal development
Nosocomial
usually an infectious disorder as a result of being inside a hospital
Genetic
inherited disease
Acute Disease
severe disorder with quick onset
usually self limiting
ie: acute myocardial infarct
Chronic Disease
a long term continuous disease process characterized by exacerbations and remissions
usually not curable
ie: chronic ulcerative colitis
Subacute Disease
between acute and chronic timeframes
Subclinical Disease
no signs or symptoms
does not usually progress
Carrier State
patient harbors an organism
- does not show signs or symptoms
- can transmit the disease
Syndrome
a group of clinical symptoms and physical features that characterize a particular disorder
Down Syndrome
Trisomy 21
- protruding, big, wrinkled tongue
- mental retardation
- slanted eyes
- brushfield spots
- epicanthal fold
- congenital heart disease
- intestinal defects
- simian crease
- shortened 5th finger
- wide gap between 1st and 2nd toes
Cushing Syndrome
increase in ACTH
a whole bunch of things
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
ethanol in pregnancy
- epicanthal folds
- flat nasal bridge
- small palpebral fissures
- railroad track ears
- upturned nose
- smooth philtrum
- thin upper lip
Turner’s Syndrome
XO karyotype
most common sex chromosome syndrome seen in F
- low posterior hairline
- webbing of neck
- broad chest with widely spaced nipples
- streak ovaries, amenorrhea, infertility
- short stature
- heart shaped face
- coarctation of aorta
- cubitus valgus
Klinefelter’s Syndrome
XXY karyotype
- gynecomastia
- hip, female like
- lack of pubic hair
- testicular atrophy, infertility
- lack of beard and body hair
- long arms
- long legs
Toxic Shock Syndrome
caused by St. aureus
rash
