Introduction Flashcards
What does a system of maintenance consist of?
- Technical inspections
- Tests
- Overhauls
- Corrective repair or restoration actions
What is the purpose of the system of maintenance?
Ensure a safe, serviceable aircraft that meets the needs of the pilot/owner as well as the airworthiness requirements of the regulator
What is airworthiness?
Condition of an aircraft which allows it to operate in a safe manner while it accomplishes its intended function.
What must be done for an aircraft to be considered airworthy?
Its design, construction, maintenance and mode of operation has been conducted to approved standards and limitations using competent and approved individuals acting as members of approved organisations
What is aircraft safety??
State of aircraft or aircraft condition which minimises chances a fault will occur on the aircraft and minimises the effect of the flyability of the aircraft should the fault occur unpredictably
How do operators measure safety?
Air safety incident reports per 1000 flight hours ever month
In the event of accident involving hull loss and/or passenger fatalities, how is this measured?
Hull loss accidents per million departures
OR
Rate of fatal accidents per million flying hours
The fatal accidents per million flight hours shows what?
Shows how number of fail safe designs on aircraft increase during the same period suggesting that aircraft have been designed and maintained to be responsible for accident rate improvement
What is the aim of SMS?
Ensure staff of company complies with aviation regulations
Who is responsible for aircraft safety?
Designer and manufacturer Regulators Owner/certificate of registration holder Security Technical crew (pilots) Cabin crew Maintenance controllers Maintenance engineers Trainers AOC staff ATC
What is redundancy?
Back up structures or systems on aircraft so in event of failure/damage of primary structure/system, a safe and serviceable alternative mechanism is available to prevent catastrophic failure
What are the 3 main redundancy categories?
Primary
Secondary
Damage protection
What is structural primary redundancy example?
2 spars instead of 1
What is an example of system primary redundancy?
Dual ignitions on piston to counter bad reliability of spark plugs
What is an example of secondary redundancies?
Back up systems
Crew back up
GPWS and TCAS
What is an example of damage protection redundancy?
- Engine casing (contain rotor blade or disc failure from penetrating structure/systems)
- Release of engine pods by structure fusing if load on wing is excessive
What does system reliability depend on?
Quality of design
Engineering of aircraft
Human reliability (training, procedures, situational awareness)
When was CASA formed?
June 1995
What are the 3 principles of regulation?
Set of Standards
Legal frame work for compliance
Procedures for implementation of standards
When was the Chicago Conference?
1944
When was ICAO formed?
April 1947
When did the CAA come into place? What did it replace?
1988 replaced Air Navigation Act 1920
What’s in the CAA 3 tier system?
CAA
CAR (now CASR)
CAO
What happens with any new or amended regulations before they can be published?
Must be tabled to Parliament
What is in CAR 42?
Continuing Airworthiness (who can carry out maintenance
What is Hardtime (HT)?
Preventative maintenance that requires item to be moved and repaired
What is On Condition (OC)?
Preventative maintenance that requires items to be periodically inspected, checked or tested against standards to see if it can remain in service until the next scheduled inspection
What is condition monitoring? (CM)?
Non preventative maintenance based on concept that any failure of the item subject to CM cannot have an adverse effect on aircraft safety
In MSG3, what are maintenance tasks?
Set of actions required to achieve a desired outcome, such as restoring an item to a serviceable condition or carrying out a functional test
What CASRs applies to all maintenance?
CASR Part 42, 66, 145 and 147
What is the proposed 2 Tier System?
Civil Aviation Act
Civil Aviation Safety Regulations (made up of Guidance material such as Advisory Circulars [AC] and Procedure Manuals such as Acceptable Means of Compliance Manuals)
What was the MSG-1 Philosophy
Change based on “On Condition” status of structures, engine or systems
What was the MSG-2 Philosophy
Concept of “Condition Monitoring”approach to assess any need for maintenance
What does MSG stand for?
Maintenance Steering Group
What is the MSG-3 Philosophy?
Using maintenance as a means of restoring safety & reliability back to their inherent design levels through better failure analysis and a continuous airworthiness maintenance program
What is Hard Time (HT)
A preventative maintenance process that requires an item to be removed from an aircraft and repaired
What is On Conditioning? (OC)
A preventative maintenance process that requires an item to be periodically inspected, checked or tested against appropriate standards to determine whether it can remain in service until the next scheduled inspection, check or test
What is Condition Monitoring? (CM)
A non-preventative maintenance process based on the concept that any failure of an item subject to a CM process cannot have an adverse effect on aircraft safety
