Introduction

Question 1

4 things studies seek to do

Answer 1

Define normal and abnormal for age, gender and culture
Identify cases and correlates of abnormal behaviour
Make predictions of long term outcomes
Develop treatments and prevention

Question 2

4 features distinguishing child disorders

Answer 2

When adults seek help for kid, unclear whose problem
Failure to show developmental progress
Many problem behaviours are not entirely abnormal
Interventions are for promoting further development

Question 3

Greek/ Roman view

Answer 3

Disables were an economic burden and an embarrassment subject to abandonment or death

Question 4

Child psych before 18th cent

Answer 4

Childrens mental health was ignored and they were subject to harsh punishment

Question 5

Massachusetts Stubborn Child act 1654

Answer 5

Parents could kill children for misbehaving

Question 6

John Locke

Answer 6

17th century - children should be raised with thought and care

Question 7

Jean marc itard

Answer 7

19th century- Focus on care, treatment and training of mental defectives

Question 8

Leta Hollingsworth

Answer 8

Distinguished between mental retardation (imbeciles) and disorders (lunatics)

Question 9

Benjamin Rush

Answer 9

Children incapable of adult insanity so if they had normal cognitive abilities but bad behaviour they were morally insane

Question 10

Dorthea Dix

Answer 10

Established 32 humane mental hospitals for youth

Question 11

First child psych disorder

Answer 11

Masturbatory insanity

Question 12

Cliffor Beers

Answer 12

Efforts lead to detection and intervention

Question 13

Eugenics

Answer 13

Sterilization of mentally ill people

Question 14

Nosologies

Answer 14

Classify psychological disorders into descriptive categories

Question 15

Watson

Answer 15

Father of behaviourism– little albert, conditioned emotional response

Question 16

Dominant approach during 1930- 1950

Answer 16

Psychodynamic

Question 17

When were children beginning to move form institutions to group homes?

Answer 17

1945- 1965

Question 18

Spitz

Answer 18

Infants raised in institutions had severe physical and emotional problems later

Question 19

When did behaviourism dominate?

Answer 19

50s and 60s

Question 20

IDEA

Answer 20

Individuals with disabilities education act– free appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment

Question 21

IEP

Answer 21

Individualized education program

Question 22

United nations general assembly

Answer 22

Countries agree to abolish legislation, customs and practices that discriminate disabled people

Question 23

Psychological disorder

Answer 23

Pattern of behavioural, cognitive, emotional or physical symptoms

Question 24

3 things disorders are associated with

Answer 24

Distress
Disability
Risk for further suffering or harm

Question 25

Competence

Answer 25

Ability to successfully adapt to the environment

Question 26

Developmental pathway

Answer 26

Timing of particular behaviours and relationships between them

Question 27

Multifinality

Answer 27

Various outcomes may stem from similar beginnings

Question 28

Equifinality

Answer 28

Similar outcomes stem from different early experiences

Question 29

Protective factor

Answer 29

Variable that reduces chance of developing disorder

Question 30

Risk factor

Answer 30

Acute, stressful situations or chronic adversity

Question 31

Resilience

Answer 31

Ability to fight off or recover from misfortune

Question 32

Protective triad

Answer 32

Strength of child Strength of family Strength of community/ school

Question 33

How many children have an impairing mental problem?

Answer 33

1/8

Question 34

How much is the demand for youth services supposed to grow in ten years?

Answer 34

Double

Question 35

How many children recieve the services they need?

Answer 35

Less than 10%

Question 36

5 things disproportionately afflicted by mental illness

Answer 36

Poor Abusive/ neglectful families Inadequate childcare Low birth weight due to maternal smoking, alcohol, diet Parents with mental illness, substance abuse

Question 37

2 effects of environmental stressors

Answer 37

Bring poor adaptation and onset of disorder | Exacerbate extent of problems

Question 38

Amount of kids in poverty

Answer 38

1/5 US | 1/7 Canadian

Question 39

What brain area is associated with poverty and mental health

Answer 39

Pre frontal cortex

Question 40

Before what age are gender differences negligible

Answer 40

3

Question 41

Externalizing problems

Answer 41

Start higher for boys but decrease with age for both genders until there is not much difference

Question 42

Internalizing problems

Answer 42

Start the same but girls start outpacing boys with age

Question 43

3 associations with boys resilience

Answer 43

Male role model Structure and rules Encouragement of emotional expressiveness

Question 44

Girls resilience

Answer 44

Combine risk taking and independance with female care giver support

Question 45

Racial differences in mental problems

Answer 45

After controlling SES, not much difference

Question 46

Marginalization

Answer 46

Poverty and exclusion form benefits of society

Question 47

How many reports of child abuse every year

Answer 47

1 million in US | 80,000 in Canada

Question 48

How many teens experience physical or sexual assault

Answer 48

1/3

Question 49

What % of boys and girls meet criteria for PTSD, depression or substance abuse due to violence

Answer 49

16% boys | 19% girls

Question 50

How much money spent due to abuse and trauma

Answer 50

$100 billion

Question 51

How much do mortality rates increase in adolescence due to risk taking?

Answer 51

Triple

Question 52

What % of kids with serious disorders face problems their whole lives?

Answer 52

20%