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Abnormal Child Psychology > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

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1
Q

4 things studies seek to do

A

Define normal and abnormal for age, gender and culture
Identify cases and correlates of abnormal behaviour
Make predictions of long term outcomes
Develop treatments and prevention

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2
Q

4 features distinguishing child disorders

A

When adults seek help for kid, unclear whose problem
Failure to show developmental progress
Many problem behaviours are not entirely abnormal
Interventions are for promoting further development

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3
Q

Greek/ Roman view

A

Disables were an economic burden and an embarrassment subject to abandonment or death

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4
Q

Child psych before 18th cent

A

Childrens mental health was ignored and they were subject to harsh punishment

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5
Q

Massachusetts Stubborn Child act 1654

A

Parents could kill children for misbehaving

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6
Q

John Locke

A

17th century - children should be raised with thought and care

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7
Q

Jean marc itard

A

19th century- Focus on care, treatment and training of mental defectives

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8
Q

Leta Hollingsworth

A

Distinguished between mental retardation (imbeciles) and disorders (lunatics)

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9
Q

Benjamin Rush

A

Children incapable of adult insanity so if they had normal cognitive abilities but bad behaviour they were morally insane

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10
Q

Dorthea Dix

A

Established 32 humane mental hospitals for youth

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11
Q

First child psych disorder

A

Masturbatory insanity

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12
Q

Cliffor Beers

A

Efforts lead to detection and intervention

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13
Q

Eugenics

A

Sterilization of mentally ill people

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14
Q

Nosologies

A

Classify psychological disorders into descriptive categories

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15
Q

Watson

A

Father of behaviourism– little albert, conditioned emotional response

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16
Q

Dominant approach during 1930- 1950

A

Psychodynamic

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17
Q

When were children beginning to move form institutions to group homes?

A

1945- 1965

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18
Q

Spitz

A

Infants raised in institutions had severe physical and emotional problems later

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19
Q

When did behaviourism dominate?

A

50s and 60s

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20
Q

IDEA

A

Individuals with disabilities education act– free appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment

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21
Q

IEP

A

Individualized education program

22
Q

United nations general assembly

A

Countries agree to abolish legislation, customs and practices that discriminate disabled people

23
Q

Psychological disorder

A

Pattern of behavioural, cognitive, emotional or physical symptoms

24
Q

3 things disorders are associated with

A

Distress
Disability
Risk for further suffering or harm

25
Q

Competence

A

Ability to successfully adapt to the environment

26
Q

Developmental pathway

A

Timing of particular behaviours and relationships between them

27
Q

Multifinality

A

Various outcomes may stem from similar beginnings

28
Q

Equifinality

A

Similar outcomes stem from different early experiences

29
Q

Protective factor

A

Variable that reduces chance of developing disorder

30
Q

Risk factor

A

Acute, stressful situations or chronic adversity

31
Q

Resilience

A

Ability to fight off or recover from misfortune

32
Q

Protective triad

A

Strength of child
Strength of family
Strength of community/ school

33
Q

How many children have an impairing mental problem?

A

1/8

34
Q

How much is the demand for youth services supposed to grow in ten years?

A

Double

35
Q

How many children recieve the services they need?

A

Less than 10%

36
Q

5 things disproportionately afflicted by mental illness

A

Poor
Abusive/ neglectful families
Inadequate childcare
Low birth weight due to maternal smoking, alcohol, diet
Parents with mental illness, substance abuse

37
Q

2 effects of environmental stressors

A

Bring poor adaptation and onset of disorder

Exacerbate extent of problems

38
Q

Amount of kids in poverty

A

1/5 US

1/7 Canadian

39
Q

What brain area is associated with poverty and mental health

A

Pre frontal cortex

40
Q

Before what age are gender differences negligible

A

3

41
Q

Externalizing problems

A

Start higher for boys but decrease with age for both genders until there is not much difference

42
Q

Internalizing problems

A

Start the same but girls start outpacing boys with age

43
Q

3 associations with boys resilience

A

Male role model
Structure and rules
Encouragement of emotional expressiveness

44
Q

Girls resilience

A

Combine risk taking and independance with female care giver support

45
Q

Racial differences in mental problems

A

After controlling SES, not much difference

46
Q

Marginalization

A

Poverty and exclusion form benefits of society

47
Q

How many reports of child abuse every year

A

1 million in US

80,000 in Canada

48
Q

How many teens experience physical or sexual assault

A

1/3

49
Q

What % of boys and girls meet criteria for PTSD, depression or substance abuse due to violence

A

16% boys

19% girls

50
Q

How much money spent due to abuse and trauma

A

$100 billion

51
Q

How much do mortality rates increase in adolescence due to risk taking?

A

Triple

52
Q

What % of kids with serious disorders face problems their whole lives?

A

20%

Abnormal Child Psychology (9 decks)

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